OBJECTIVE Zn-doped CuO nanocomposites(nZn-CuO NPs) are novel nanoparticles synthesized by sonochemical method.This study aimed to further investigate the antitumor effects and mechanism of nZn-CuO NPs,as well as the e...OBJECTIVE Zn-doped CuO nanocomposites(nZn-CuO NPs) are novel nanoparticles synthesized by sonochemical method.This study aimed to further investigate the antitumor effects and mechanism of nZn-CuO NPs,as well as the exact mechanism of reactive oxygen species(ROS) on nZn-CuO NPs-induced death using N-acetylcysteine(NAC).METHODS The antitumor effects of nZn-CuO NPs were evaluated by MTS assay and orthotopic transplantation tumor model in nude mice.The effects of nZn-CuO NPs with or without NAC on ROS production,DNA damage,apoptosis,mitochondrial damage,autophagy,lysosome impairment,and ER and Golgi stress were determined.Also,western blot was used to detect apoptosis and autophagy related proteins,as well as NF-κB pathway related proteins.RESULTS nZn-CuO NPs significantly inhibit tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo.nZn-CuO NPs were able to cause cytotoxicity,ROS production,DAN damage mitochondrial damage,apoptosis,and autophagy,and NAC can attenuate them.Further studies showed that nZn-CuO NPs induced changes of apoptosis,autophagy and NF-κB pathway related proteins,and NAC can restore them.CONCLUSION Overall,our data demonstrated that nZn-CuO NPs could inhibit tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo by ROS-dependent regulation of apoptosis and autophagy,which might be cross-linked by NF-κB pathways.展开更多
The secondary bud burst can cause around 10%-20%yield losses in black currants,an economically important crop in parts of Europe,Asia and North America.The metabolism of reactive oxygen species(ROS)has been linked to ...The secondary bud burst can cause around 10%-20%yield losses in black currants,an economically important crop in parts of Europe,Asia and North America.The metabolism of reactive oxygen species(ROS)has been linked to bud dormancy and its early release(secondary bud burst)in several fruit crops.But the relationship between ROS metabolism and the secondary bud burst is still not well understood in black currants.In the present study,two black currant cultivars(Adelinia and Heifeng)with opposing tendency of exhibiting the secondary bud burst were sprayed with abscisic acid(ABA)and gibberellic acid(GA_(3))to either inhibit or induce the secondary bud burst.The results showed that ABA inhibited the secondary bud burst by reducing the contents of ROS(H_(2)O_(2),O_(2)-·)in buds;decreasing the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT);and increasing the contents of oxidized glutathione(GSSG)and ascorbic acid(AsA).GA_(3) effectively induced the secondary bud burst by increasing ROS contents;increasing the activities of several antioxidant enzymes,such as SOD,POD,CAT,glutathione reductase(GR),ascorbate peroxidase(APX)and the contents of reduced glutathione(GSH);and decreasing the contents of AsA.The experimental results showed that GA_(3) treatment increased the content of ROS,accelerated the metabolism of reactive oxygen species,and promoted the second burst of black currants.However,ROS metabolism was at a low level under ABA treatment,and the buds remained dormant.These results suggested that ROS metabolism might play an important role in the two black currants of the secondary bud burst.展开更多
AIM:To explore the influence of ethyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphinate(TPOL)on cell apoptosis and its potential mechanism.METHODS:HEK293T cells sensitive to TPOL were treated with different concentrations of T...AIM:To explore the influence of ethyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphinate(TPOL)on cell apoptosis and its potential mechanism.METHODS:HEK293T cells sensitive to TPOL were treated with different concentrations of TPOL with or without exposure to light radiation,before treatment with various inhibitors,N-acetyl-Lcysteine(NAC),pifithrin-αand Z-DVED-FMK.Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay.Annexin V/propidium iodide staining was used to count the number of apoptotic cells.DCFH-DA staining was used to detect reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,and JC-1 staining was used to assess mitochondrial membrane potential by flow cytometry.The expression of apoptosis-related proteins and cell cycle-regulated molecules was measured by Western blot.RESULTS:TPOL enhanced the apoptosis of HEK293T cells in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05),with a decrease in Bcl-2 and increases in Bax and cytochrome C(Cyto C),followed by up-regulation of activated caspase-9 and caspase-3,and the cleavage of PARP(P<0.05).The TPOL-enhanced cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP was rescued by Z-DVED-FMK(P<0.01).TPOL also led to a rapid increase in ROS,a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential,and the release of Cyto C(P<0.01),all of which could be reversed by the ROS scavenger NAC.Moreover,the TPOL-caused alterations in p21,p27,Rb,and CDK2 were also recovered by the p53 inhibitor pifithrin-α(P<0.05).The TPOL-induced changes in Bax,Bcl-2,cleaved caspase-9,activated caspase-3,and cleaved PARP were subsequently rescued by pretreatment with pifithrin-α(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:TPOL can induce cellular apoptosis with ROS-mediated mitochondrial membrane damage through the activation of a ROS-dependent p53/p21/p27/Rb/Bax/Cyto C/caspase-mediated signal axis.展开更多
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of China(81774191) Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7172031) Project of High-level Teachers in Beijing Municipal Universities in the Period of 13th5-year Plan(CIT＆TCD201804086)
文摘OBJECTIVE Zn-doped CuO nanocomposites(nZn-CuO NPs) are novel nanoparticles synthesized by sonochemical method.This study aimed to further investigate the antitumor effects and mechanism of nZn-CuO NPs,as well as the exact mechanism of reactive oxygen species(ROS) on nZn-CuO NPs-induced death using N-acetylcysteine(NAC).METHODS The antitumor effects of nZn-CuO NPs were evaluated by MTS assay and orthotopic transplantation tumor model in nude mice.The effects of nZn-CuO NPs with or without NAC on ROS production,DNA damage,apoptosis,mitochondrial damage,autophagy,lysosome impairment,and ER and Golgi stress were determined.Also,western blot was used to detect apoptosis and autophagy related proteins,as well as NF-κB pathway related proteins.RESULTS nZn-CuO NPs significantly inhibit tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo.nZn-CuO NPs were able to cause cytotoxicity,ROS production,DAN damage mitochondrial damage,apoptosis,and autophagy,and NAC can attenuate them.Further studies showed that nZn-CuO NPs induced changes of apoptosis,autophagy and NF-κB pathway related proteins,and NAC can restore them.CONCLUSION Overall,our data demonstrated that nZn-CuO NPs could inhibit tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo by ROS-dependent regulation of apoptosis and autophagy,which might be cross-linked by NF-κB pathways.
基金Supported by Academic Backbone Project of Northeast Agricultural University(20XG04)the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD1000200)Heilongjiang Province Postdoctoral Startup Fund(LBH-Q17029)。
文摘The secondary bud burst can cause around 10%-20%yield losses in black currants,an economically important crop in parts of Europe,Asia and North America.The metabolism of reactive oxygen species(ROS)has been linked to bud dormancy and its early release(secondary bud burst)in several fruit crops.But the relationship between ROS metabolism and the secondary bud burst is still not well understood in black currants.In the present study,two black currant cultivars(Adelinia and Heifeng)with opposing tendency of exhibiting the secondary bud burst were sprayed with abscisic acid(ABA)and gibberellic acid(GA_(3))to either inhibit or induce the secondary bud burst.The results showed that ABA inhibited the secondary bud burst by reducing the contents of ROS(H_(2)O_(2),O_(2)-·)in buds;decreasing the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT);and increasing the contents of oxidized glutathione(GSSG)and ascorbic acid(AsA).GA_(3) effectively induced the secondary bud burst by increasing ROS contents;increasing the activities of several antioxidant enzymes,such as SOD,POD,CAT,glutathione reductase(GR),ascorbate peroxidase(APX)and the contents of reduced glutathione(GSH);and decreasing the contents of AsA.The experimental results showed that GA_(3) treatment increased the content of ROS,accelerated the metabolism of reactive oxygen species,and promoted the second burst of black currants.However,ROS metabolism was at a low level under ABA treatment,and the buds remained dormant.These results suggested that ROS metabolism might play an important role in the two black currants of the secondary bud burst.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81172824)。
文摘AIM:To explore the influence of ethyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phenylphosphinate(TPOL)on cell apoptosis and its potential mechanism.METHODS:HEK293T cells sensitive to TPOL were treated with different concentrations of TPOL with or without exposure to light radiation,before treatment with various inhibitors,N-acetyl-Lcysteine(NAC),pifithrin-αand Z-DVED-FMK.Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay.Annexin V/propidium iodide staining was used to count the number of apoptotic cells.DCFH-DA staining was used to detect reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,and JC-1 staining was used to assess mitochondrial membrane potential by flow cytometry.The expression of apoptosis-related proteins and cell cycle-regulated molecules was measured by Western blot.RESULTS:TPOL enhanced the apoptosis of HEK293T cells in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05),with a decrease in Bcl-2 and increases in Bax and cytochrome C(Cyto C),followed by up-regulation of activated caspase-9 and caspase-3,and the cleavage of PARP(P<0.05).The TPOL-enhanced cleavage of caspase-3 and PARP was rescued by Z-DVED-FMK(P<0.01).TPOL also led to a rapid increase in ROS,a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential,and the release of Cyto C(P<0.01),all of which could be reversed by the ROS scavenger NAC.Moreover,the TPOL-caused alterations in p21,p27,Rb,and CDK2 were also recovered by the p53 inhibitor pifithrin-α(P<0.05).The TPOL-induced changes in Bax,Bcl-2,cleaved caspase-9,activated caspase-3,and cleaved PARP were subsequently rescued by pretreatment with pifithrin-α(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:TPOL can induce cellular apoptosis with ROS-mediated mitochondrial membrane damage through the activation of a ROS-dependent p53/p21/p27/Rb/Bax/Cyto C/caspase-mediated signal axis.
