[目的]研究关中地区土壤侵蚀时空分布特征,为制定精准有效的水土流失防治政策提供科学参考。[方法]基于中国土壤水土流失方程CSLE(Chinese soil loss equation)计算土壤侵蚀模数,采用ArcGIS的区域分析和叠加方法,分析关中地区土壤侵蚀...[目的]研究关中地区土壤侵蚀时空分布特征,为制定精准有效的水土流失防治政策提供科学参考。[方法]基于中国土壤水土流失方程CSLE(Chinese soil loss equation)计算土壤侵蚀模数,采用ArcGIS的区域分析和叠加方法,分析关中地区土壤侵蚀时空分布特征,土地利用类型、坡度及植被覆盖度对土壤侵蚀的影响。[结果]①2018—2022年,关中地区水土流失面积减少了568.67 km2,土壤侵蚀等级主要由中度及以上类型转移为微度和轻度。②关中地区土壤侵蚀呈现南北高中间低的分布特征。微度是关中地区主要的侵蚀类型;5 a间,微度及轻度侵蚀范围呈现从中间向两端扩大的趋势,强度及以上侵蚀范围则逐渐缩小。③8°~25°坡度带土壤侵蚀对坡度的敏感性较强;小于8°区域土壤侵蚀对坡度的敏感性较弱。④2018—2022年林地高覆盖度区域水土流失减少面积比例为72.60%,是引起水土流失面积减少的主要原因。⑤林地及耕地是研究区土壤侵蚀发生的主要土地利用类型。[结论]关中地区呈现水土流失面积减少和高等级侵蚀强度比例减少的双下降趋势,土壤侵蚀状况好转。8°~25°坡度带是进行坡耕地治理时需要重点关注的区域;高覆盖林地对于减少水土流失面积至关重要。展开更多
Nowadays,crowded environment and high-speed life pace are likely to bring mental stress and fatigue to citizens.How to apply achievements of the restorative environment into urban planning and environmental design has...Nowadays,crowded environment and high-speed life pace are likely to bring mental stress and fatigue to citizens.How to apply achievements of the restorative environment into urban planning and environmental design has received more attention in recent years.Earlier research does not provide detailed information about the specific components of the physical environment that support restoration.This study explores which characteristics of the street environment and psychological factors of the street environment have an impact on subjective restoration.The streets were sampled from Shenzhen.Each street was represented by a single photo.The photo was quantified in terms of the different objective street components and also rated on psychological variables related to restoration.The rating on the psychological variables,being away,fascination,coherence,scope,the likelihood of restoration,and preference were provided by people of various ages and occupations.The results show that:1)the proportion of natural elements have the greatest impact on street restoration benefits and preference,and its impact is robust;2)the two characteristics of street safety and quiet are important to street restoration benefits and preferences;3)fascination and being away have a greater impact on restorative benefits of streets,followed by coherence,and the scope of the street has no significant effect on restorative benefits.The study could provide evidence for policy-makers and urban design and planning interventions.展开更多
文摘Nowadays,crowded environment and high-speed life pace are likely to bring mental stress and fatigue to citizens.How to apply achievements of the restorative environment into urban planning and environmental design has received more attention in recent years.Earlier research does not provide detailed information about the specific components of the physical environment that support restoration.This study explores which characteristics of the street environment and psychological factors of the street environment have an impact on subjective restoration.The streets were sampled from Shenzhen.Each street was represented by a single photo.The photo was quantified in terms of the different objective street components and also rated on psychological variables related to restoration.The rating on the psychological variables,being away,fascination,coherence,scope,the likelihood of restoration,and preference were provided by people of various ages and occupations.The results show that:1)the proportion of natural elements have the greatest impact on street restoration benefits and preference,and its impact is robust;2)the two characteristics of street safety and quiet are important to street restoration benefits and preferences;3)fascination and being away have a greater impact on restorative benefits of streets,followed by coherence,and the scope of the street has no significant effect on restorative benefits.The study could provide evidence for policy-makers and urban design and planning interventions.
