Multidatabase systems are designed to achieve schema integration and data interoperation among distributed and heterogeneous database systems. But data model heterogeneity and schema heterogeneity make this a challeng...Multidatabase systems are designed to achieve schema integration and data interoperation among distributed and heterogeneous database systems. But data model heterogeneity and schema heterogeneity make this a challenging task. A multidatabase common data model is firstly introduced based on XML, named XML-based Integration Data Model (XIDM), which is suitable for integrating different types of schemas. Then an approach of schema mappings based on XIDM in multidatabase systems has been presented. The mappings include global mappings, dealing with horizontal and vertical partitioning between global schemas and export schemas, and local mappings, processing the transformation between export schemas and local schemas. Finally, the illustration and implementation of schema mappings in a multidatabase prototype - Panorama system are also discussed. The implementation results demonstrate that the XIDM is an efficient model for managing multiple heterogeneous data sources and the approaches of schema mapping based on XIDM behave very well when integrating relational, object-oriented database systems and other file systems.展开更多
土壤是具有高度异质性的复合体。早期的数字土壤制图研究主要关注水平方向的土壤空间变异和制图,对垂直方向空间变异和土壤三维制图考虑较少。近年来,三维地理信息技术和对地观测与探测技术的快速发展,极大地促进了土壤三维空间数据获...土壤是具有高度异质性的复合体。早期的数字土壤制图研究主要关注水平方向的土壤空间变异和制图,对垂直方向空间变异和土壤三维制图考虑较少。近年来,三维地理信息技术和对地观测与探测技术的快速发展,极大地促进了土壤三维空间数据获取、三维空间推测、三维数据模型、三维模型构建和可视化方法等方面的研究。本文对三维空间土壤推测与土壤模型构建的已有方法进行梳理和评述,以期为三维数字土壤制图的应用和发展提供建议。以三维土壤制图、三维GIS、三维数据模型、三维地质建模、三维可视化、土壤空间变异、空间推测、克里格插值、土壤-景观分析、深度函数、机器学习、地统计学、随机模拟等为关键词检索Web of Science数据库,基于相关度、引用率和文献来源等因素进一步筛选出重点文献进行分析。归纳整理了土壤空间变异性、三维空间土壤推测、三维空间数据模型和三维模型构建等关键技术的现有研究体系,对各种三维推测和建模方法的优缺点和适用场景作出评价。针对目前研究中存在的垂直方向土壤数据稀少、土壤三维推测精度低、三维模型质量待提高等问题,提出一些可行的研究思路。展开更多
文摘Multidatabase systems are designed to achieve schema integration and data interoperation among distributed and heterogeneous database systems. But data model heterogeneity and schema heterogeneity make this a challenging task. A multidatabase common data model is firstly introduced based on XML, named XML-based Integration Data Model (XIDM), which is suitable for integrating different types of schemas. Then an approach of schema mappings based on XIDM in multidatabase systems has been presented. The mappings include global mappings, dealing with horizontal and vertical partitioning between global schemas and export schemas, and local mappings, processing the transformation between export schemas and local schemas. Finally, the illustration and implementation of schema mappings in a multidatabase prototype - Panorama system are also discussed. The implementation results demonstrate that the XIDM is an efficient model for managing multiple heterogeneous data sources and the approaches of schema mapping based on XIDM behave very well when integrating relational, object-oriented database systems and other file systems.
文摘土壤是具有高度异质性的复合体。早期的数字土壤制图研究主要关注水平方向的土壤空间变异和制图,对垂直方向空间变异和土壤三维制图考虑较少。近年来,三维地理信息技术和对地观测与探测技术的快速发展,极大地促进了土壤三维空间数据获取、三维空间推测、三维数据模型、三维模型构建和可视化方法等方面的研究。本文对三维空间土壤推测与土壤模型构建的已有方法进行梳理和评述,以期为三维数字土壤制图的应用和发展提供建议。以三维土壤制图、三维GIS、三维数据模型、三维地质建模、三维可视化、土壤空间变异、空间推测、克里格插值、土壤-景观分析、深度函数、机器学习、地统计学、随机模拟等为关键词检索Web of Science数据库,基于相关度、引用率和文献来源等因素进一步筛选出重点文献进行分析。归纳整理了土壤空间变异性、三维空间土壤推测、三维空间数据模型和三维模型构建等关键技术的现有研究体系,对各种三维推测和建模方法的优缺点和适用场景作出评价。针对目前研究中存在的垂直方向土壤数据稀少、土壤三维推测精度低、三维模型质量待提高等问题,提出一些可行的研究思路。
