Cardiovascular disease(CVD)remains one of the leading causes of mortality among adults globally,with continuously rising morbidity and mortality rates.Metabolic disorders are closely linked to various cardiovascular d...Cardiovascular disease(CVD)remains one of the leading causes of mortality among adults globally,with continuously rising morbidity and mortality rates.Metabolic disorders are closely linked to various cardiovascular diseases and play a critical role in their pathogenesis and progression,involving multifaceted mechanisms such as altered substrate utilization,mitochondrial structural and functional dysfunction,and impaired ATP synthesis and transport.In recent years,the potential role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs)in cardiovascular diseases has garnered significant attention,particularly peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha(PPARα),which is recognized as a highly promising therapeutic target for CVD.PPARαregulates cardiovascular physiological and pathological processes through fatty acid metabolism.As a ligand-activated receptor within the nuclear hormone receptor family,PPARαis highly expressed in multiple organs,including skeletal muscle,liver,intestine,kidney,and heart,where it governs the metabolism of diverse substrates.Functioning as a key transcription factor in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and catalyzing or regulating biochemical reactions,PPARαexerts its cardioprotective effects through multiple pathways:modulating lipid metabolism,participating in cardiac energy metabolism,enhancing insulin sensitivity,suppressing inflammatory responses,improving vascular endothelial function,and inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration.These mechanisms collectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease development.Thus,PPARαplays a pivotal role in various pathological processes via mechanisms such as lipid metabolism regulation,anti-inflammatory actions,and anti-apoptotic effects.PPARαis activated by binding to natural or synthetic lipophilic ligands,including endogenous fatty acids and their derivatives(e.g.,linoleic acid,oleic acid,and arachidonic acid)as well as synthetic peroxisome proliferators.Upon ligand binding,PPARαactivates the nuclear receptor retinoid X receptor(RXR),forming a PPARα-RXR heterodimer.This heterodimer,in conjunction with coactivators,undergoes further activation and subsequently binds to peroxisome proliferator response elements(PPREs),thereby regulating the transcription of target genes critical for lipid and glucose homeostasis.Key genes include fatty acid translocase(FAT/CD36),diacylglycerol acyltransferase(DGAT),carnitine palmitoyltransferase I(CPT1),and glucose transporter(GLUT),which are primarily involved in fatty acid uptake,storage,oxidation,and glucose utilization processes.Advancing research on PPARαas a therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases has underscored its growing clinical significance.Currently,PPARαactivators/agonists,such as fibrates(e.g.,fenofibrate and bezafibrate)and thiazolidinediones,have been extensively studied in clinical trials for CVD prevention.Traditional PPARαagonists,including fenofibrate and bezafibrate,are widely used in clinical practice to treat hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels.These fibrates enhance fatty acid metabolism in the liver and skeletal muscle by activating PPARα,and their cardioprotective effects have been validated in numerous clinical studies.Recent research highlights that fibrates improve insulin resistance,regulate lipid metabolism,correct energy metabolism imbalances,and inhibit the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells,thereby ameliorating pathological remodeling of the cardiovascular system and reducing blood pressure.Given the substantial attention to PPARα-targeted interventions in both basic research and clinical applications,activating PPARαmay serve as a key therapeutic strategy for managing cardiovascular conditions such as myocardial hypertrophy,atherosclerosis,ischemic cardiomyopathy,myocardial infarction,diabetic cardiomyopathy,and heart failure.This review comprehensively examines the regulatory roles of PPARαin cardiovascular diseases and evaluates its clinical application value,aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for further development and utilization of PPARα-related therapies in CVD treatment.展开更多
Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels,primarily including coronary heart disease,stroke,and other diseases.It is the world’s leading cause of death,and its incidence is incre...Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels,primarily including coronary heart disease,stroke,and other diseases.It is the world’s leading cause of death,and its incidence is increasing yearly.Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.Wnt signaling comprises a series of highly conservative cascading events controlling fundamental biological processes.Wnt signaling pathways include the canonical Wnt pathway(or Wnt/β-catenin pathway),the non canonical planar cell-polarity pathway,and the non-canonical calcium-dependent pathways.Abnormal Wnt signaling promotes cell proliferation and differentiation,cardiac malformations,various malignancies,so drugs targeting Wnt signaling play a great therapeutic potential.Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and stroke by regulating cell proliferation,migration,apoptosis,blood-brain barrier permeability,inflammation,oxidative stress,and immune response.Based on the latest research progress,this review summarizes the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cardiovascular diseases,in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
Galangal(Alpinia officinaruim Hance)is the rhizome of the perennial herb belonging to Zingiberaceae family.There are many active components in galangal,such as volatile oil,flavonoids,terpenoids,phenylpropanoids and g...Galangal(Alpinia officinaruim Hance)is the rhizome of the perennial herb belonging to Zingiberaceae family.There are many active components in galangal,such as volatile oil,flavonoids,terpenoids,phenylpropanoids and glycosides,among which the content of volatile oil is higher.The bioactivities of galangal volatile oil on health effect includesanti-inflammatory,anti-hypertension,anti-oxidation and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is a kind of diseases related to circulatory system,which is also called circulatory system diseases.Over the past decade,the number of people dying from CVD has increased by 12.5%worldwide,and it is now the leading cause of human death worldwide.Studies have shown that galangal volatile oil has good pharmacological effects in treating CVD.①Regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism:studies have found that abnormal lipid metabolism can lead to obesity,diabetes,CVD and other diseases.The serum total triglyceride(TG)content in liver and serum will increase in patients with abnormal fat metabolism.The results showed that the volatile oil of galangal could increase the excretion of neutral cholesterol,significantly reduce liver TG and serum TG,and thus regulate glucose and lipid metabolism,prevent lipid deposition and prevent CVD.②Improving insulin resistance(IR):inhibition of inflammatory cytokines such as IL^(-1),IL-6 activation and expression of TNF-α,improves IR,thereby protecting myocardium from IR-mediated damage.Through the establishment of endothelial cell injury model induced by high glucose in vitro,it was found that the volatile oil of galangal can significantly reduce the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-αand IL-8,and inhibit the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 induced by high glucose,suggesting that it has protective effect on endothelial dysfunction and inflammation induced by high glucose.③Regulate blood oxygenation:during acute myocardial hypoxia,the activity of free radical scavenging system is decreased,and oxygen free radicals are produced in large quantity,which reacts with unsaturated fatty acids on the cell membrane and forms lipid peroxidation,resulting in myocardial structural damage.The results showed that the water extract of Galangal could reduce the content of MDA in blood and protect the SOD activity of ischemic and hypoxic myocardium.④Protective effect of vascular endothelial cells(ES):ES injury is the pathological basis of some cardiovascular diseases.The results showed that the volatile oil of galangal had a protective effect on ES apoptosis.Compared with the morphology and activity of ES treated with oxidized LDL,galangal volatile oil could ameliorate these morphological changes and improve cell viability.⑤Antiplatelet agglutination:inhibit platelet aggregation and thromboxane release,improve blood circulation,and have obvious anti-thrombotic effect,which has a good effect on the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.The results showed that the volatile oil of galangal had inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation and anticoagulant effect.In conclusion,the volatile oil of galangal can be used to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases.Based on the mechanism of CVD,this study summarized the role of the essential oil of Alpinia officinaruim in CVD,providing basis for the clinical application of alpiniaofficinalis essential oil in the prevention and treatment of CVD and the development of new drugs.展开更多
Exosomes serve as vesicles to deliver protein,lipids,nucleic acids or other cellular components,to neighboring or distant cells.Recent studies have highlighted the potential therapeutic effects of stem cell-derived ex...Exosomes serve as vesicles to deliver protein,lipids,nucleic acids or other cellular components,to neighboring or distant cells.Recent studies have highlighted the potential therapeutic effects of stem cell-derived exosomes on cancer and cardiovascular diseases.Our previous studie.shave investigated the role of stem cell-derived exosomes in cardiac protection.Mesenchymalstem cells released miR-22-enriched exosomes after ischemic preconditioning and these exosomes showed protective effects oncardiomyocytes.MiR-21-conaining exosomes were secreted by H_2O_2-treated cardiac progenitor cells and protected cardiomyocytes from H_2O_2-induced apoptosis.Heat-shock lead to the production ofheat shock factor 1-enriched exosomes from cardiac stem cells,which reducedapoptosis of cardiomyocytes.Given these important effects of exosomes in intercellular communications,exosomes have been proposed as a vector for drug delivery or other therapeutic purposes.However,cells secretea limited number of exosomes,which has hampered the development of exosomes for research and clinical application.Synthetic exosome-mimics by cellextrusion or cell membrane-cloaked nanoparticles,which canbe fabricated on a large-scale,provide novel platforms fordrug delivery.Two Korean groups fabricated exosome-mimetic nanovesicles by extruding monocytes or macrophages through a serial of filters and utilized these exosome-mimetics for the delivery of anti-tumor drug.Recently,cell membrane-cloaked nanoparticles have emergedas a potential tool for drug delivery with the advantages ofimmunocompatibility,stability and targeting capabilityfor the treatment of cancer.In summary,exosomes or exosome-mimics may serve as potential therapeutic tools for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.展开更多
Background Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a novel marker for metabolic disorders, and recently it has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in apparently healthy individuals.Howeve...Background Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a novel marker for metabolic disorders, and recently it has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in apparently healthy individuals.However the prognostic value of TyG index in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) is not determined.展开更多
Objective The utility of non-obstructive coronary artery diseases(NOCAD) in cardiovascular events (CVE) among Chinese patients has less been evaluated. Our objective was to investigate the prognostic value of NOCAD in...Objective The utility of non-obstructive coronary artery diseases(NOCAD) in cardiovascular events (CVE) among Chinese patients has less been evaluated. Our objective was to investigate the prognostic value of NOCAD in patients with angina-like chest pain detected by coronary angiography (CAG) in a large Chinese cohort study.展开更多
Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension overweight/obesity and the combined effect on the incidence of cardiovascular disease(CVD).Methods The study population(aged from 35 to 64)were selected from 9 r...Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension overweight/obesity and the combined effect on the incidence of cardiovascular disease(CVD).Methods The study population(aged from 35 to 64)were selected from 9 regions of China by cluster sampling method.The baseline was conducted in 2010,and the follow-up survey was done in 2017.Participants with 24≤BMI28 kg/m^2 was defined as overweight,BMI≥28 kg/m^2 was defined as obesity.展开更多
Arsenic in drinking water is a worldwide health problem that is associated with cardiovascular disease, but the cause is currently unknown. In order to examine whether arsenic affects vasomotor tone in blood vessels, ...Arsenic in drinking water is a worldwide health problem that is associated with cardiovascular disease, but the cause is currently unknown. In order to examine whether arsenic affects vasomotor tone in blood vessels, we investigated the effect of arsenic on agonist-induced vasorelaxation and vasoconstriction using the isolated rat aortic rings in in vitro organ bath system. Treatment with inorganic arsenite (AsⅢ) inhibited acetylcholine-induced relaxation of aortic rings by inhibiting production of nitric oxide in endothelium.展开更多
This review has looked back to applying studies of Berberine in treatment for congestive heart failure,cardiac arrhythmias,hypertension and ischemic heart disease in recent years.It has summarized that the mechanism a...This review has looked back to applying studies of Berberine in treatment for congestive heart failure,cardiac arrhythmias,hypertension and ischemic heart disease in recent years.It has summarized that the mechanism and clinical progress of Berberine in treatment for cardiovascular disease.The viewpoint has been proposed the Berberine may be a benefit agent in therapy of cardiovascular disease.展开更多
文摘Cardiovascular disease(CVD)remains one of the leading causes of mortality among adults globally,with continuously rising morbidity and mortality rates.Metabolic disorders are closely linked to various cardiovascular diseases and play a critical role in their pathogenesis and progression,involving multifaceted mechanisms such as altered substrate utilization,mitochondrial structural and functional dysfunction,and impaired ATP synthesis and transport.In recent years,the potential role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs)in cardiovascular diseases has garnered significant attention,particularly peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha(PPARα),which is recognized as a highly promising therapeutic target for CVD.PPARαregulates cardiovascular physiological and pathological processes through fatty acid metabolism.As a ligand-activated receptor within the nuclear hormone receptor family,PPARαis highly expressed in multiple organs,including skeletal muscle,liver,intestine,kidney,and heart,where it governs the metabolism of diverse substrates.Functioning as a key transcription factor in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and catalyzing or regulating biochemical reactions,PPARαexerts its cardioprotective effects through multiple pathways:modulating lipid metabolism,participating in cardiac energy metabolism,enhancing insulin sensitivity,suppressing inflammatory responses,improving vascular endothelial function,and inhibiting smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration.These mechanisms collectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease development.Thus,PPARαplays a pivotal role in various pathological processes via mechanisms such as lipid metabolism regulation,anti-inflammatory actions,and anti-apoptotic effects.PPARαis activated by binding to natural or synthetic lipophilic ligands,including endogenous fatty acids and their derivatives(e.g.,linoleic acid,oleic acid,and arachidonic acid)as well as synthetic peroxisome proliferators.Upon ligand binding,PPARαactivates the nuclear receptor retinoid X receptor(RXR),forming a PPARα-RXR heterodimer.This heterodimer,in conjunction with coactivators,undergoes further activation and subsequently binds to peroxisome proliferator response elements(PPREs),thereby regulating the transcription of target genes critical for lipid and glucose homeostasis.Key genes include fatty acid translocase(FAT/CD36),diacylglycerol acyltransferase(DGAT),carnitine palmitoyltransferase I(CPT1),and glucose transporter(GLUT),which are primarily involved in fatty acid uptake,storage,oxidation,and glucose utilization processes.Advancing research on PPARαas a therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases has underscored its growing clinical significance.Currently,PPARαactivators/agonists,such as fibrates(e.g.,fenofibrate and bezafibrate)and thiazolidinediones,have been extensively studied in clinical trials for CVD prevention.Traditional PPARαagonists,including fenofibrate and bezafibrate,are widely used in clinical practice to treat hypertriglyceridemia and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)levels.These fibrates enhance fatty acid metabolism in the liver and skeletal muscle by activating PPARα,and their cardioprotective effects have been validated in numerous clinical studies.Recent research highlights that fibrates improve insulin resistance,regulate lipid metabolism,correct energy metabolism imbalances,and inhibit the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells,thereby ameliorating pathological remodeling of the cardiovascular system and reducing blood pressure.Given the substantial attention to PPARα-targeted interventions in both basic research and clinical applications,activating PPARαmay serve as a key therapeutic strategy for managing cardiovascular conditions such as myocardial hypertrophy,atherosclerosis,ischemic cardiomyopathy,myocardial infarction,diabetic cardiomyopathy,and heart failure.This review comprehensively examines the regulatory roles of PPARαin cardiovascular diseases and evaluates its clinical application value,aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for further development and utilization of PPARα-related therapies in CVD treatment.
文摘Cardiovascular diseases are a group of disorders of the heart and blood vessels,primarily including coronary heart disease,stroke,and other diseases.It is the world’s leading cause of death,and its incidence is increasing yearly.Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease.Wnt signaling comprises a series of highly conservative cascading events controlling fundamental biological processes.Wnt signaling pathways include the canonical Wnt pathway(or Wnt/β-catenin pathway),the non canonical planar cell-polarity pathway,and the non-canonical calcium-dependent pathways.Abnormal Wnt signaling promotes cell proliferation and differentiation,cardiac malformations,various malignancies,so drugs targeting Wnt signaling play a great therapeutic potential.Wnt/β-catenin pathway is involved in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and stroke by regulating cell proliferation,migration,apoptosis,blood-brain barrier permeability,inflammation,oxidative stress,and immune response.Based on the latest research progress,this review summarizes the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in cardiovascular diseases,in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
文摘Galangal(Alpinia officinaruim Hance)is the rhizome of the perennial herb belonging to Zingiberaceae family.There are many active components in galangal,such as volatile oil,flavonoids,terpenoids,phenylpropanoids and glycosides,among which the content of volatile oil is higher.The bioactivities of galangal volatile oil on health effect includesanti-inflammatory,anti-hypertension,anti-oxidation and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is a kind of diseases related to circulatory system,which is also called circulatory system diseases.Over the past decade,the number of people dying from CVD has increased by 12.5%worldwide,and it is now the leading cause of human death worldwide.Studies have shown that galangal volatile oil has good pharmacological effects in treating CVD.①Regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism:studies have found that abnormal lipid metabolism can lead to obesity,diabetes,CVD and other diseases.The serum total triglyceride(TG)content in liver and serum will increase in patients with abnormal fat metabolism.The results showed that the volatile oil of galangal could increase the excretion of neutral cholesterol,significantly reduce liver TG and serum TG,and thus regulate glucose and lipid metabolism,prevent lipid deposition and prevent CVD.②Improving insulin resistance(IR):inhibition of inflammatory cytokines such as IL^(-1),IL-6 activation and expression of TNF-α,improves IR,thereby protecting myocardium from IR-mediated damage.Through the establishment of endothelial cell injury model induced by high glucose in vitro,it was found that the volatile oil of galangal can significantly reduce the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-αand IL-8,and inhibit the expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 induced by high glucose,suggesting that it has protective effect on endothelial dysfunction and inflammation induced by high glucose.③Regulate blood oxygenation:during acute myocardial hypoxia,the activity of free radical scavenging system is decreased,and oxygen free radicals are produced in large quantity,which reacts with unsaturated fatty acids on the cell membrane and forms lipid peroxidation,resulting in myocardial structural damage.The results showed that the water extract of Galangal could reduce the content of MDA in blood and protect the SOD activity of ischemic and hypoxic myocardium.④Protective effect of vascular endothelial cells(ES):ES injury is the pathological basis of some cardiovascular diseases.The results showed that the volatile oil of galangal had a protective effect on ES apoptosis.Compared with the morphology and activity of ES treated with oxidized LDL,galangal volatile oil could ameliorate these morphological changes and improve cell viability.⑤Antiplatelet agglutination:inhibit platelet aggregation and thromboxane release,improve blood circulation,and have obvious anti-thrombotic effect,which has a good effect on the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.The results showed that the volatile oil of galangal had inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation and anticoagulant effect.In conclusion,the volatile oil of galangal can be used to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases.Based on the mechanism of CVD,this study summarized the role of the essential oil of Alpinia officinaruim in CVD,providing basis for the clinical application of alpiniaofficinalis essential oil in the prevention and treatment of CVD and the development of new drugs.
基金supported by NationalNatural Science Foundation of China(81330007NoU1601227)+2 种基金 Science and Technology Programsof Guangdong Province(2014A0505030472015B020225006) Guangzhou Science andTechnology Program(201604010087)
文摘Exosomes serve as vesicles to deliver protein,lipids,nucleic acids or other cellular components,to neighboring or distant cells.Recent studies have highlighted the potential therapeutic effects of stem cell-derived exosomes on cancer and cardiovascular diseases.Our previous studie.shave investigated the role of stem cell-derived exosomes in cardiac protection.Mesenchymalstem cells released miR-22-enriched exosomes after ischemic preconditioning and these exosomes showed protective effects oncardiomyocytes.MiR-21-conaining exosomes were secreted by H_2O_2-treated cardiac progenitor cells and protected cardiomyocytes from H_2O_2-induced apoptosis.Heat-shock lead to the production ofheat shock factor 1-enriched exosomes from cardiac stem cells,which reducedapoptosis of cardiomyocytes.Given these important effects of exosomes in intercellular communications,exosomes have been proposed as a vector for drug delivery or other therapeutic purposes.However,cells secretea limited number of exosomes,which has hampered the development of exosomes for research and clinical application.Synthetic exosome-mimics by cellextrusion or cell membrane-cloaked nanoparticles,which canbe fabricated on a large-scale,provide novel platforms fordrug delivery.Two Korean groups fabricated exosome-mimetic nanovesicles by extruding monocytes or macrophages through a serial of filters and utilized these exosome-mimetics for the delivery of anti-tumor drug.Recently,cell membrane-cloaked nanoparticles have emergedas a potential tool for drug delivery with the advantages ofimmunocompatibility,stability and targeting capabilityfor the treatment of cancer.In summary,exosomes or exosome-mimics may serve as potential therapeutic tools for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
文摘Background Triglyceride glucose (TyG) index is a novel marker for metabolic disorders, and recently it has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in apparently healthy individuals.However the prognostic value of TyG index in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) is not determined.
文摘Objective The utility of non-obstructive coronary artery diseases(NOCAD) in cardiovascular events (CVE) among Chinese patients has less been evaluated. Our objective was to investigate the prognostic value of NOCAD in patients with angina-like chest pain detected by coronary angiography (CAG) in a large Chinese cohort study.
文摘Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension overweight/obesity and the combined effect on the incidence of cardiovascular disease(CVD).Methods The study population(aged from 35 to 64)were selected from 9 regions of China by cluster sampling method.The baseline was conducted in 2010,and the follow-up survey was done in 2017.Participants with 24≤BMI28 kg/m^2 was defined as overweight,BMI≥28 kg/m^2 was defined as obesity.
文摘Arsenic in drinking water is a worldwide health problem that is associated with cardiovascular disease, but the cause is currently unknown. In order to examine whether arsenic affects vasomotor tone in blood vessels, we investigated the effect of arsenic on agonist-induced vasorelaxation and vasoconstriction using the isolated rat aortic rings in in vitro organ bath system. Treatment with inorganic arsenite (AsⅢ) inhibited acetylcholine-induced relaxation of aortic rings by inhibiting production of nitric oxide in endothelium.
文摘This review has looked back to applying studies of Berberine in treatment for congestive heart failure,cardiac arrhythmias,hypertension and ischemic heart disease in recent years.It has summarized that the mechanism and clinical progress of Berberine in treatment for cardiovascular disease.The viewpoint has been proposed the Berberine may be a benefit agent in therapy of cardiovascular disease.
