Adsorption as an effective technique for the remediation of wastewater has been widely used in industrial wastewater treatment due to the advantage of cost-effectiveness,availability of the adsorbent and ease of opera...Adsorption as an effective technique for the remediation of wastewater has been widely used in industrial wastewater treatment due to the advantage of cost-effectiveness,availability of the adsorbent and ease of operation.However,the low adsorption capacity of the reported adsorbents is still a challenge for wastewater treatment with highefficiency.Here,we developed a super adsorbent(SUA-1),which was a kind of porous carbon nanofibers derived from a composite of PAN-based electrospinning and ZIF-8(PAN/ZIF-8)via simple heat treatment process.The asprepared SUA showed an ultra-high adsorption capacity for adsorbing methyl blue(MB)at nearly three times its own weight,as high as 2998.18 mg/g.A series tests demonstrated that the pore-making effect of ZIF-8 during heat treatment process endowed high BET surface area and generated ZnO components as chemical adsorption center.Under the synergistic effect of bonding and non-bonding forces including ionic bond,electrostatic interaction,andπ-πinteraction,the adsorption capacity has been greatly improved.In view of promising efficiency,this work provides guidance and insights for the preparation of highly efficient adsorbents based on electrospinning derived porous carbon nanofibers.展开更多
The need for bi-functional catalysts that facilit-ate both the oxygen reduction(ORR)and carbon dioxide re-duction(CO_(2)RR)reactions arises from their potential to help solve the critical problems of carbon neutrality...The need for bi-functional catalysts that facilit-ate both the oxygen reduction(ORR)and carbon dioxide re-duction(CO_(2)RR)reactions arises from their potential to help solve the critical problems of carbon neutrality and renew-able energy conversion.However,there are few reports on the development of bi-functional catalysts for zinc-air bat-tery-driven CO_(2)RR devices.We introduce a novel approach for synthesizing Fe_(2)N/Fe_(3)C species embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers by electrospinning a solution of Hemin and polyacrylonitrile in N,N-dimethylformamide.The material has an exceptional catalytic performance,with a half-wave potential of 0.91 V versus RHE for the ORR and values of over 90%for both the selectivity and Faradaic efficiency for the CO_(2)RR.The high catalytic performances are attrib-uted to the strong coupling between the Fe_(3)C/Fe_(2)N heterostructure and the Fe-N-C sites in the nitrogen-doped carbon nan-ofibers.Notably,both Fe_(3)C and Fe_(2)N play distinct roles in both the ORR and CO_(2)RR.This investigation indicates a way for designing advanced carbon-based bi-functional catalysts for use in this field.展开更多
Before densification by chemical vapor infiltration,carbon or SiC nanofibers were grown on the surface of carbon fibers by catalytic chemical vapor deposition using electroplated Ni as catalyst.The modification and me...Before densification by chemical vapor infiltration,carbon or SiC nanofibers were grown on the surface of carbon fibers by catalytic chemical vapor deposition using electroplated Ni as catalyst.The modification and mechanism of nanofibers on the pyrocarbon deposition during chemical vapor infiltration were investigated.The results show that the nanofibers improve the surface activity of the carbon fibers and become active nucleation centers during chemical vapor infiltration.They can induce the ordered deposition of pyrocarbon and adjust the interface bonding between pyrocarbon and carbon fibers during the infiltration.展开更多
A general, simple and economic synthetic method for synthesizing carbon nanofibers was presented. In the method, ethanol was employed as carbon source; metal salts such as nickel nitrate, ferric nitrate and ferric chl...A general, simple and economic synthetic method for synthesizing carbon nanofibers was presented. In the method, ethanol was employed as carbon source; metal salts such as nickel nitrate, ferric nitrate and ferric chloride were used as catalyst precursor respectively; copper plate was employed as the support material. A lot of products were obtained by catalytic combustion deposition of ethanol vapor. Then the as-prepared carbon nanofibers were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy and selected-area electron diffractometry. By analyzing the results of characterization, the conclusions are as follows: 1) the large catalyst particles tend to form large-diameter CNFs, small catalyst particles are inclinable to form small-diameter CNFs; 2) the morphology of the catalyst can affect the final morphology of the CNFs. Moreover, the possible growth mechanisms were proposed and the degree of graphitization of samples was estimated by Raman spectroscopy characterization.展开更多
In the context of rapid economic development,the pursuit of sustainable energy solutions has become a major challenge.Lithium-ion capacitors(LICs),which integrate the high energy density of lithium-ion batteries with ...In the context of rapid economic development,the pursuit of sustainable energy solutions has become a major challenge.Lithium-ion capacitors(LICs),which integrate the high energy density of lithium-ion batteries with the high power density of supercapacitors,have emerged as promising candidates.However,challenges such as poor capacity matching and limited energy density still hinder their practical application.Carbon nanofibers(CNFs),with their high specific surface area,excellent electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and strong compatibility with active materials,are regarded as ideal electrode frameworks for LICs.This review summarizes key strategies to improve the electrochemical performance of CNF-based LICs,including structural engineering,heteroatom doping,and hybridization with transition metal oxides.The underlying mechanisms of each approach are discussed in detail,with a focus on their roles in improving capacitance,energy density,and cycling stability.This review aims to provide insights into material design and guide future research toward high-performance LICs for next-generation energy storage applications.展开更多
以纳米碳纤维(CNFs)为基体材料,采用化学镀法在CNFs表面沉积了Ni-Co-P催化剂。研究了催化剂用量,硼氢化钠、氢氧化钠浓度,温度等对碱性硼氢化钠溶液水解释氢的影响。电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测试得出负载型Ni-Co-P催化...以纳米碳纤维(CNFs)为基体材料,采用化学镀法在CNFs表面沉积了Ni-Co-P催化剂。研究了催化剂用量,硼氢化钠、氢氧化钠浓度,温度等对碱性硼氢化钠溶液水解释氢的影响。电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测试得出负载型Ni-Co-P催化剂含镍13.30%(质量分数,下同)、钴82.25%、磷4.45%。硼氢化钠水解释氢实验结果表明,产氢速率与催化剂用量呈线性关系。当温度为45℃、催化剂浓度为7.5 g/L、氢氧化钠浓度为5%、硼氢化钠浓度为2.5%时,氢气释放速率达到最大值18.044 L/(g·min)。通过对负载型催化剂Ni-Co-P/CNFs催化碱性硼氢化钠溶液释放氢气动力学研究表明,该催化剂的活化能Ea为51.57 k J/mol。展开更多
基金Natural Science Foundation of China(22134005,22204011)Chongqing Talents Program for Outstanding Scientists(cstc2021ycjh-bgzxm0179)。
文摘Adsorption as an effective technique for the remediation of wastewater has been widely used in industrial wastewater treatment due to the advantage of cost-effectiveness,availability of the adsorbent and ease of operation.However,the low adsorption capacity of the reported adsorbents is still a challenge for wastewater treatment with highefficiency.Here,we developed a super adsorbent(SUA-1),which was a kind of porous carbon nanofibers derived from a composite of PAN-based electrospinning and ZIF-8(PAN/ZIF-8)via simple heat treatment process.The asprepared SUA showed an ultra-high adsorption capacity for adsorbing methyl blue(MB)at nearly three times its own weight,as high as 2998.18 mg/g.A series tests demonstrated that the pore-making effect of ZIF-8 during heat treatment process endowed high BET surface area and generated ZnO components as chemical adsorption center.Under the synergistic effect of bonding and non-bonding forces including ionic bond,electrostatic interaction,andπ-πinteraction,the adsorption capacity has been greatly improved.In view of promising efficiency,this work provides guidance and insights for the preparation of highly efficient adsorbents based on electrospinning derived porous carbon nanofibers.
文摘The need for bi-functional catalysts that facilit-ate both the oxygen reduction(ORR)and carbon dioxide re-duction(CO_(2)RR)reactions arises from their potential to help solve the critical problems of carbon neutrality and renew-able energy conversion.However,there are few reports on the development of bi-functional catalysts for zinc-air bat-tery-driven CO_(2)RR devices.We introduce a novel approach for synthesizing Fe_(2)N/Fe_(3)C species embedded in nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers by electrospinning a solution of Hemin and polyacrylonitrile in N,N-dimethylformamide.The material has an exceptional catalytic performance,with a half-wave potential of 0.91 V versus RHE for the ORR and values of over 90%for both the selectivity and Faradaic efficiency for the CO_(2)RR.The high catalytic performances are attrib-uted to the strong coupling between the Fe_(3)C/Fe_(2)N heterostructure and the Fe-N-C sites in the nitrogen-doped carbon nan-ofibers.Notably,both Fe_(3)C and Fe_(2)N play distinct roles in both the ORR and CO_(2)RR.This investigation indicates a way for designing advanced carbon-based bi-functional catalysts for use in this field.
基金Project(12JJ6051) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(2011CB605806) supported by the National Basic Research Program of China
文摘Before densification by chemical vapor infiltration,carbon or SiC nanofibers were grown on the surface of carbon fibers by catalytic chemical vapor deposition using electroplated Ni as catalyst.The modification and mechanism of nanofibers on the pyrocarbon deposition during chemical vapor infiltration were investigated.The results show that the nanofibers improve the surface activity of the carbon fibers and become active nucleation centers during chemical vapor infiltration.They can induce the ordered deposition of pyrocarbon and adjust the interface bonding between pyrocarbon and carbon fibers during the infiltration.
基金Project(66167044) supported by the Academic Human Resources Development in Institutions of Higher Learning under the Jurisdiction of Beijing, ChinaProject(66062021) supported by the Science and Technology Activity for Chinese Homecoming Fellow Abroad, Program of Beijing Key Laboratory for Sensor
文摘A general, simple and economic synthetic method for synthesizing carbon nanofibers was presented. In the method, ethanol was employed as carbon source; metal salts such as nickel nitrate, ferric nitrate and ferric chloride were used as catalyst precursor respectively; copper plate was employed as the support material. A lot of products were obtained by catalytic combustion deposition of ethanol vapor. Then the as-prepared carbon nanofibers were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, energy dispersion X-ray spectroscopy and selected-area electron diffractometry. By analyzing the results of characterization, the conclusions are as follows: 1) the large catalyst particles tend to form large-diameter CNFs, small catalyst particles are inclinable to form small-diameter CNFs; 2) the morphology of the catalyst can affect the final morphology of the CNFs. Moreover, the possible growth mechanisms were proposed and the degree of graphitization of samples was estimated by Raman spectroscopy characterization.
文摘In the context of rapid economic development,the pursuit of sustainable energy solutions has become a major challenge.Lithium-ion capacitors(LICs),which integrate the high energy density of lithium-ion batteries with the high power density of supercapacitors,have emerged as promising candidates.However,challenges such as poor capacity matching and limited energy density still hinder their practical application.Carbon nanofibers(CNFs),with their high specific surface area,excellent electrical conductivity,mechanical flexibility,and strong compatibility with active materials,are regarded as ideal electrode frameworks for LICs.This review summarizes key strategies to improve the electrochemical performance of CNF-based LICs,including structural engineering,heteroatom doping,and hybridization with transition metal oxides.The underlying mechanisms of each approach are discussed in detail,with a focus on their roles in improving capacitance,energy density,and cycling stability.This review aims to provide insights into material design and guide future research toward high-performance LICs for next-generation energy storage applications.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(50730003,50672025,20806024 and 51002051)Fundamental Research Fundsfor the Central Universities(WA1014016)+1 种基金Research Fund of China 863 Program(2008AA062302)Project of the Nation-al Science and Technology Ministry(2009BAE72B04)~~
基金National Natural Science Fundation of China(21006073)Shanghai Rising-Star Program(11QA1407200)+1 种基金open-project program of the State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering(SKL-ChE-08C07)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project(B303)~~
文摘利用催化气相化学沉积(Catalytic chemical vapor deposition,CCVD)法在炭纸上原位生长得到CNF/CP复合体,并对这种复合体的物理化学性能和氧气电催化还原反应(Oxygen reduction reaction,ORR)性能进行了研究。结果表明:纳米炭纤维较为均匀地分散在炭纸上,其中纳米炭纤维具有窄的直径分布。所制CNF/CP复合体具有较大的比表面积和独特的中孔结构;相对于炭纸,CNF/CP复合体的端面碳原子和基面碳原子比例较高。另外,CNF/CP还具有较高的ORR反应活性,其ORR为2电子反应过程,原因可以归结于纳米炭纤维独特的微结构。同时,CNF/CP也具有较高的交换电流密度和较正的平衡电压。
文摘以纳米碳纤维(CNFs)为基体材料,采用化学镀法在CNFs表面沉积了Ni-Co-P催化剂。研究了催化剂用量,硼氢化钠、氢氧化钠浓度,温度等对碱性硼氢化钠溶液水解释氢的影响。电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测试得出负载型Ni-Co-P催化剂含镍13.30%(质量分数,下同)、钴82.25%、磷4.45%。硼氢化钠水解释氢实验结果表明,产氢速率与催化剂用量呈线性关系。当温度为45℃、催化剂浓度为7.5 g/L、氢氧化钠浓度为5%、硼氢化钠浓度为2.5%时,氢气释放速率达到最大值18.044 L/(g·min)。通过对负载型催化剂Ni-Co-P/CNFs催化碱性硼氢化钠溶液释放氢气动力学研究表明,该催化剂的活化能Ea为51.57 k J/mol。
