Embodied intelligent systems integrate perception,control,and decision-making within physical agents,and have become a cornerstone of modern aerospace,autonomous driving,and cooperative robotic applications.When opera...Embodied intelligent systems integrate perception,control,and decision-making within physical agents,and have become a cornerstone of modern aerospace,autonomous driving,and cooperative robotic applications.When operating in uncertain and dynamic environments,such systems must address challenges arising from incomplete sensing,unpredictable maneuvers,communication constraints,disturbances,and evolving network structures.展开更多
The subcortical visual pathway is generally thought to be involved in dangerous information processing,such as fear processing and defensive behavior.A recent study,published in Human Brain Mapping,shows a new functio...The subcortical visual pathway is generally thought to be involved in dangerous information processing,such as fear processing and defensive behavior.A recent study,published in Human Brain Mapping,shows a new function of the subcortical pathway involved in the fast processing of non-emotional object perception.Rapid object processing is a critical function of visual system.Topological perception theory proposes that the initial perception of objects begins with the extraction of topological property(TP).However,the mechanism of rapid TP processing remains unclear.The researchers investigated the subcortical mechanism of TP processing with transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS).They find that a subcortical magnocellular pathway is responsible for the early processing of TP,and this subcortical processing of TP accelerates object recognition.Based on their findings,we propose a novel training approach called subcortical magnocellular pathway training(SMPT),aimed at improving the efficiency of the subcortical M pathway to restore visual and attentional functions in disorders associated with subcortical pathway dysfunction.展开更多
This study has been conducted in three districts of Punjab Province namely, Dera Ghazi Khan, Rajan Pur and Bahawalpur of Pakistan. The study showed the results of a survey of 300 farmers which was organized to assess ...This study has been conducted in three districts of Punjab Province namely, Dera Ghazi Khan, Rajan Pur and Bahawalpur of Pakistan. The study showed the results of a survey of 300 farmers which was organized to assess awareness level of farmers regarding crop insurance, factors affecting the awareness level among farmers and the perception of farmers about crop insurance. Based on exploratory research work upon the responses of farmers, the average and standard deviation were calculated. Probit model was applied to explore the factors affecting the awareness level of farmers. SPSS was used for the analysis of the collected data. The results revealed that out of 300 farmers, 184 farmers were aware with crop insurance and rests of the 116 farmers were not aware. Banks and E-media were found to be the two most important sources of the awareness for the respondent farmers. In the study area, the climatic risks were reported as the most severe risks faced by the farmers. The results also revealed the existence of negative perceptions of the farmers about crop insurance i.e. farmers perceived crop insurance as a kind of tax and they believed premium was so high that it was out of range of poor farmers and only large scale farmers could afford it. Results obtained by applying Probit model revealed that ＂education＂ and ＂previously availed agricultural credit＂ were the two most important factors which affected the awareness of the farmers regarding crop insurance.展开更多
The evaluation index of camouflage patterns is important in the field of military application.It is the goal that researchers have always pursued to make the computable evaluation indicators more in line with the huma...The evaluation index of camouflage patterns is important in the field of military application.It is the goal that researchers have always pursued to make the computable evaluation indicators more in line with the human visual mechanism.In order to make the evaluation method more computationally intelligent,a Multi-Feature Camouflage Fused Index(MF-CFI)is proposed based on the comparison of grayscale,color and texture features between the target and the background.In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed index,eye movement experiments are conducted to compare the proposed index with existing indexes including Universal Image Quality Index(UIQI),Camouflage Similarity Index(CSI)and Structural Similarity(SSIM).Twenty-four different simulated targets are designed in a grassland background,28 observers participate in the experiment and record the eye movement data during the observation process.The results show that the highest Pearson correlation coefficient is observed between MF-CFI and the eye movement data,both in the designed digital camouflage patterns and largespot camouflage patterns.Since MF-CFI is more in line with the detection law of camouflage targets in human visual perception,the proposed index can be used for the comparison and parameter optimization of camouflage design algorithms.展开更多
The cumulative prospect theory(CPT) is applied to study travelers' route choice behavior in a degradable transport network. A cumulative prospect theory-based user equilibrium(CPT-UE) model considering stochastic ...The cumulative prospect theory(CPT) is applied to study travelers' route choice behavior in a degradable transport network. A cumulative prospect theory-based user equilibrium(CPT-UE) model considering stochastic perception error(SPE) within travelers' route choice decision process is developed. The SPE is conditionally dependent on the actual travel time distribution, which is different from the deterministic perception error used in the traditional logit-based stochastic user equilibrium. The CPT-UE model is formulated as a variational inequality problem and solved by a heuristic solution algorithm. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the application of the proposed model and efficiency of the solution algorithm. The effects of SPE on the reference point determination, cumulative prospect value estimation, route choice decision and network performance evaluation are investigated.展开更多
An obstacle perception system for intelligent vehicle is proposed.The proposed system combines the stereo version technique and the deep learning network model,and is applied to obstacle perception tasks in complex en...An obstacle perception system for intelligent vehicle is proposed.The proposed system combines the stereo version technique and the deep learning network model,and is applied to obstacle perception tasks in complex environment.In this paper,we provide a complete system design project,which includes the hardware parameters,software framework,algorithm principle,and optimization method.In addition,special experiments are designed to demonstrate that the performance of the proposed system meets the requirements of actual application.The experiment results show that the proposed system is valid to both standard obstacles and non-standard obstacles,and suitable for different weather and lighting conditions in complex environment.It announces that the proposed system is flexible and robust to the intelligent vehicle.展开更多
Commitment of local communities to protected areas is essential for conserving biodiversity.In Benin,various conservation models have been implemented for National Park management.This study,carried out around the Pen...Commitment of local communities to protected areas is essential for conserving biodiversity.In Benin,various conservation models have been implemented for National Park management.This study,carried out around the Pendjari National Park (PNP),analyzed local people’s views on ongoing participatory management activities and assessed their perceptions towards biodiversity conservation within the park.We interviewed 164 residents living in展开更多
Unsupervised learning plays an important role in the neural networks. Focusing on the unsupervised mechanism of neural networks, a novel generalized goodness criterion for the unsupervised neural learning of visual pe...Unsupervised learning plays an important role in the neural networks. Focusing on the unsupervised mechanism of neural networks, a novel generalized goodness criterion for the unsupervised neural learning of visual perception based on the martingale measure is proposed in the paper. The differential geometrical structure is used as the framework of the whole inference and spatial statistical description with adaptive attribute is embedded in the corresponding nonlinear functional space. Consequently the integration of optimization process and computational simulation with the NeoDarwinian paradigm is obtained. And the generalization of the guidance for the evolutionary learning in the neural net framework, the convergence of the goodness and process of the evolution guaranteed by the mathematical features are discussed. This criterion has generic significance in the field of machine vision and visual pattern classification.展开更多
Body perception has analysed by motor activity.This is largely the result of Le Boulch’s work on psychokinetics and psychomotor education,which made new levels available for the description of body schema activity be...Body perception has analysed by motor activity.This is largely the result of Le Boulch’s work on psychokinetics and psychomotor education,which made new levels available for the description of body schema activity beyond that of conscious movements.Reflex movements,involuntary gestures,and emotions are all evidence of the pre-attentional activation and preparation for motor actions.Body perception is built from the interaction between the body and the world.With this in mind,we would like to draw attention to the current paradoxical gap in the literature that exists between the living and the perceived body.We then propose a means of overcoming this gap through a description of the activation of the living body and its emersion at the level of perception.Enaction,in Francisco Varela’s groundbreaking work,explains how neurodynamics bring emergences from our living body to our consciousness by awakening and activating our potential capacities.In this sense enaction is a neurodynamics,while emersion ensures the bottom-up transition of implicit information from the living body(Leib)to consciousness and to the attentive perception of the lived body(Korper).展开更多
OBJECTIVE To gather information regarding the usage of fresh medicinal plants and users′perceptions via face-to-face interviews.To date,there is no published report of firsthand account of their usage in Singapore.Su...OBJECTIVE To gather information regarding the usage of fresh medicinal plants and users′perceptions via face-to-face interviews.To date,there is no published report of firsthand account of their usage in Singapore.Such important information may be permanently lost if not properly collated in time.METHODS Information on demographic data,plant-use methods and perception of usage was collated.Participants were recruited via the local newspapers,by word of mouth etc.The survey protocol was approved by the NUS Institutional Review Board.Fresh plant samples/photographs were obtained from the users and voucher specimens were kept.RESULTS Two hundredusers who have used a total of 103 species of fresh medicinal plants anytime in the last 5years participated in the survey.The five most commonly used plants were Clinacanthusnutans(34 users),Strobilanthescrispus(31 users),Pereskiableo(25 users),Aloe vera(18 users),and Zingiberofficinale(16 users).The top 3 most commonly cited medical conditions were diseases of respiratory system(50 users),neoplasm(29 users)anddiseases of circulatory system(20 users).A total of 173 users(86.5%)did not consult any healthcare professional for advice about plant usage,and only one user consulted the pharmacist.Some of the common reasons given for using fresh medicinal plants were recommendation by others(150,75.0%),efficacy(137,68.5%),and safety(117,58.5%).Most users(170,85.0%)were satisfied or highly satisfied with the outcome of plants used.CONCLUSION Two hundred users of fresh medicinal plants have been successfully interviewed and the information documented systematically in a database.The results suggest that fresh medicinal plants have a role to play in healthcare in modern society.The information collated will serve as a useful resource for identifying promising plants for future drug discovery efforts.展开更多
The process of human natural scene categorization consists of two correlated stages: visual perception and visual cognition of natural scenes.Inspired by this fact,we propose a biologically plausible approach for natu...The process of human natural scene categorization consists of two correlated stages: visual perception and visual cognition of natural scenes.Inspired by this fact,we propose a biologically plausible approach for natural scene image classification.This approach consists of one visual perception model and two visual cognition models.The visual perception model,composed of two steps,is used to extract discriminative features from natural scene images.In the first step,we mimic the oriented and bandpass properties of human primary visual cortex by a special complex wavelets transform,which can decompose a natural scene image into a series of 2D spatial structure signals.In the second step,a hybrid statistical feature extraction method is used to generate gist features from those 2D spatial structure signals.Then we design a cognitive feedback model to realize adaptive optimization for the visual perception model.At last,we build a multiple semantics based cognition model to imitate human cognitive mode in rapid natural scene categorization.Experiments on natural scene datasets show that the proposed method achieves high efficiency and accuracy for natural scene classification.展开更多
In an era of intelligent coordination and integration across the domains of air,space,land,and sea,the electromagnetic spectrum becomes the core carrier for information exchange.Precise control and efficient utilizati...In an era of intelligent coordination and integration across the domains of air,space,land,and sea,the electromagnetic spectrum becomes the core carrier for information exchange.Precise control and efficient utilization of the electromagnetic spectrum is the key for overcoming bottlenecks in multi-domain coordination.From real-time situation awareness,to seamless flow of all-domain information,to efficient interconnection of massive terminals,complex scenarios present unprecedented challenges to the timeliness,reliability,and anti-interference of information exchange.展开更多
Accurately sensing the channel state of heterogeneous networks is key to matching users'diverse service communication demands with the channel state,and is an effective way to improve the utilization efficiency of...Accurately sensing the channel state of heterogeneous networks is key to matching users'diverse service communication demands with the channel state,and is an effective way to improve the utilization efficiency of network resource.However,existing channel state perception methods are not suitable for heterogeneous network,and their perception performance is easily affected by interference uncertainty.In order to achieve channel state perception of heterogeneous networks,this paper adopts a centralized collaborative perception model,where each node obtains local channel state perception results based on statistical pulse parameters at the physical layer.In order to reduce the impact of interference on perception performance,this paper uses the Jousselme distance to quantify the degree of difference among nodes caused by interference.Using the average credibility as a threshold,nodes in the sensing area are classified.On this basis,the local perception results of each node are performed classification-based correction to improve the accuracy and reliability of channel state perception.Simulation results indicate that the proposed method has good adaptability for channel state perception in complex electromagnetic environments.The perception results can accurately reflect the actual channel state,which is conducive to improving the network throughput.展开更多
Objective Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties with communication and social interaction,restricted and repetitive behaviors.Previous studies have indicated that...Objective Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties with communication and social interaction,restricted and repetitive behaviors.Previous studies have indicated that individuals with ASD exhibit early and lifelong attention deficits,which are closely related to the core symptoms of ASD.Basic visual attention processes may provide a critical foundation for their social communication and interaction abilities.Therefore,this study explores the behavior of children with ASD in capturing attention to changes in topological properties.Methods Our study recruited twenty-seven ASD children diagnosed by professional clinicians according to DSM-5 and twenty-eight typically developing(TD)age-matched controls.In an attention capture task,we recorded the saccadic behaviors of children with ASD and TD in response to topological change(TC)and non-topological change(nTC)stimuli.Saccadic reaction time(SRT),visual search time(VS),and first fixation dwell time(FFDT)were used as indicators of attentional bias.Pearson correlation tests between the clinical assessment scales and attentional bias were conducted.Results This study found that TD children had significantly faster SRT(P<0.05)and VS(P<0.05)for the TC stimuli compared to the nTC stimuli,while the children with ASD did not exhibit significant differences in either measure(P>0.05).Additionally,ASD children demonstrated significantly less attention towards the TC targets(measured by FFDT),in comparison to TD children(P<0.05).Furthermore,ASD children exhibited a significant negative linear correlation between their attentional bias(measured by VS)and their scores on the compulsive subscale(P<0.05).Conclusion The results suggest that children with ASD have difficulty shifting their attention to objects with topological changes during change detection.This atypical attention may affect the child’s cognitive and behavioral development,thereby impacting their social communication and interaction.In sum,our findings indicate that difficulties in attentional capture by TC may be a key feature of ASD.展开更多
Since there is lack of methodology to assess the performance of defogging algorithm and the existing assessment methods have some limitations,three new methods for assessing the defogging algorithm were proposed.One w...Since there is lack of methodology to assess the performance of defogging algorithm and the existing assessment methods have some limitations,three new methods for assessing the defogging algorithm were proposed.One was using synthetic foggy image simulated by image degradation model to assess the defogging algorithm in full-reference way.In this method,the absolute difference was computed between the synthetic image with and without fog.The other two were computing the fog density of gray level image or constructing assessment system of color image from human visual perception to assess the defogging algorithm in no-reference way.For these methods,an assessment function was defined to evaluate algorithm performance from the function value.Using the defogging algorithm comparison,the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed methods.展开更多
It is argued that research on eye movements has now entered a fourth general era. Each of the four eras is briefly reviewed, and research findings related to eye movements during reading, scene perception, and visual ...It is argued that research on eye movements has now entered a fourth general era. Each of the four eras is briefly reviewed, and research findings related to eye movements during reading, scene perception, and visual search are discussed. Future directions for research in each of these areas and research in other domains involving eye movements are also discussed.展开更多
In 1995 Ince[1] wrote an article for the Times Higher Educational Supplement noting that there was little theoretical understanding of software engineering and that therefore computer studies did not constitute an aca...In 1995 Ince[1] wrote an article for the Times Higher Educational Supplement noting that there was little theoretical understanding of software engineering and that therefore computer studies did not constitute an academic discipline.Computing departments should be balkanised.Computing staff should be dispersed to other departments such as maths,psychology and business studies.This contro.ersy has recently been rein.igorated by McBride’s article[2] in the same paper and on the British Computer Society web site[3] arguing that in face of the massi.e decline in computing student intake onto uni.ersity undergraduate courses that the future for traditional courses is bleak.The reaction generated[3-4] reflects the anxiety within computing departments.The concern is e.ident.展开更多
Climate change is a serious challenger for Africa. Scientific researches showed that although climate across Africa has always been erratic,the recent trend indicates‘new and dangerous extremes’.According to the 200...Climate change is a serious challenger for Africa. Scientific researches showed that although climate across Africa has always been erratic,the recent trend indicates‘new and dangerous extremes’.According to the 2001 Ethiopia’s Ministry of Water Resources and National Meteorological Services Agency joint Initial National Communication of Ethiopia to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,展开更多
文摘Embodied intelligent systems integrate perception,control,and decision-making within physical agents,and have become a cornerstone of modern aerospace,autonomous driving,and cooperative robotic applications.When operating in uncertain and dynamic environments,such systems must address challenges arising from incomplete sensing,unpredictable maneuvers,communication constraints,disturbances,and evolving network structures.
文摘The subcortical visual pathway is generally thought to be involved in dangerous information processing,such as fear processing and defensive behavior.A recent study,published in Human Brain Mapping,shows a new function of the subcortical pathway involved in the fast processing of non-emotional object perception.Rapid object processing is a critical function of visual system.Topological perception theory proposes that the initial perception of objects begins with the extraction of topological property(TP).However,the mechanism of rapid TP processing remains unclear.The researchers investigated the subcortical mechanism of TP processing with transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS).They find that a subcortical magnocellular pathway is responsible for the early processing of TP,and this subcortical processing of TP accelerates object recognition.Based on their findings,we propose a novel training approach called subcortical magnocellular pathway training(SMPT),aimed at improving the efficiency of the subcortical M pathway to restore visual and attentional functions in disorders associated with subcortical pathway dysfunction.
文摘This study has been conducted in three districts of Punjab Province namely, Dera Ghazi Khan, Rajan Pur and Bahawalpur of Pakistan. The study showed the results of a survey of 300 farmers which was organized to assess awareness level of farmers regarding crop insurance, factors affecting the awareness level among farmers and the perception of farmers about crop insurance. Based on exploratory research work upon the responses of farmers, the average and standard deviation were calculated. Probit model was applied to explore the factors affecting the awareness level of farmers. SPSS was used for the analysis of the collected data. The results revealed that out of 300 farmers, 184 farmers were aware with crop insurance and rests of the 116 farmers were not aware. Banks and E-media were found to be the two most important sources of the awareness for the respondent farmers. In the study area, the climatic risks were reported as the most severe risks faced by the farmers. The results also revealed the existence of negative perceptions of the farmers about crop insurance i.e. farmers perceived crop insurance as a kind of tax and they believed premium was so high that it was out of range of poor farmers and only large scale farmers could afford it. Results obtained by applying Probit model revealed that ＂education＂ and ＂previously availed agricultural credit＂ were the two most important factors which affected the awareness of the farmers regarding crop insurance.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province&Key Laboratory Foundation,grant number is BK20180579&6142206180204 respectively.
文摘The evaluation index of camouflage patterns is important in the field of military application.It is the goal that researchers have always pursued to make the computable evaluation indicators more in line with the human visual mechanism.In order to make the evaluation method more computationally intelligent,a Multi-Feature Camouflage Fused Index(MF-CFI)is proposed based on the comparison of grayscale,color and texture features between the target and the background.In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed index,eye movement experiments are conducted to compare the proposed index with existing indexes including Universal Image Quality Index(UIQI),Camouflage Similarity Index(CSI)and Structural Similarity(SSIM).Twenty-four different simulated targets are designed in a grassland background,28 observers participate in the experiment and record the eye movement data during the observation process.The results show that the highest Pearson correlation coefficient is observed between MF-CFI and the eye movement data,both in the designed digital camouflage patterns and largespot camouflage patterns.Since MF-CFI is more in line with the detection law of camouflage targets in human visual perception,the proposed index can be used for the comparison and parameter optimization of camouflage design algorithms.
基金Project(2012CB725400)supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProjects(71271023,71322102)supported by the National Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2015JBM053)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘The cumulative prospect theory(CPT) is applied to study travelers' route choice behavior in a degradable transport network. A cumulative prospect theory-based user equilibrium(CPT-UE) model considering stochastic perception error(SPE) within travelers' route choice decision process is developed. The SPE is conditionally dependent on the actual travel time distribution, which is different from the deterministic perception error used in the traditional logit-based stochastic user equilibrium. The CPT-UE model is formulated as a variational inequality problem and solved by a heuristic solution algorithm. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the application of the proposed model and efficiency of the solution algorithm. The effects of SPE on the reference point determination, cumulative prospect value estimation, route choice decision and network performance evaluation are investigated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61673381)the National Key R&D Program of China(2018AAA0103103)the Science and Technology Development Fund(0024/2018/A1)。
文摘An obstacle perception system for intelligent vehicle is proposed.The proposed system combines the stereo version technique and the deep learning network model,and is applied to obstacle perception tasks in complex environment.In this paper,we provide a complete system design project,which includes the hardware parameters,software framework,algorithm principle,and optimization method.In addition,special experiments are designed to demonstrate that the performance of the proposed system meets the requirements of actual application.The experiment results show that the proposed system is valid to both standard obstacles and non-standard obstacles,and suitable for different weather and lighting conditions in complex environment.It announces that the proposed system is flexible and robust to the intelligent vehicle.
文摘Commitment of local communities to protected areas is essential for conserving biodiversity.In Benin,various conservation models have been implemented for National Park management.This study,carried out around the Pendjari National Park (PNP),analyzed local people’s views on ongoing participatory management activities and assessed their perceptions towards biodiversity conservation within the park.We interviewed 164 residents living in
文摘Unsupervised learning plays an important role in the neural networks. Focusing on the unsupervised mechanism of neural networks, a novel generalized goodness criterion for the unsupervised neural learning of visual perception based on the martingale measure is proposed in the paper. The differential geometrical structure is used as the framework of the whole inference and spatial statistical description with adaptive attribute is embedded in the corresponding nonlinear functional space. Consequently the integration of optimization process and computational simulation with the NeoDarwinian paradigm is obtained. And the generalization of the guidance for the evolutionary learning in the neural net framework, the convergence of the goodness and process of the evolution guaranteed by the mathematical features are discussed. This criterion has generic significance in the field of machine vision and visual pattern classification.
文摘Body perception has analysed by motor activity.This is largely the result of Le Boulch’s work on psychokinetics and psychomotor education,which made new levels available for the description of body schema activity beyond that of conscious movements.Reflex movements,involuntary gestures,and emotions are all evidence of the pre-attentional activation and preparation for motor actions.Body perception is built from the interaction between the body and the world.With this in mind,we would like to draw attention to the current paradoxical gap in the literature that exists between the living and the perceived body.We then propose a means of overcoming this gap through a description of the activation of the living body and its emersion at the level of perception.Enaction,in Francisco Varela’s groundbreaking work,explains how neurodynamics bring emergences from our living body to our consciousness by awakening and activating our potential capacities.In this sense enaction is a neurodynamics,while emersion ensures the bottom-up transition of implicit information from the living body(Leib)to consciousness and to the attentive perception of the lived body(Korper).
基金The project supported by the National University of Singapore(NUS)Academic Research Fund(R-148-000-137-112to KHL)NUS Provost Industrial PhD Programme Research Scholarship(to SYY)Singapore International Graduate Award(to SZ)
文摘OBJECTIVE To gather information regarding the usage of fresh medicinal plants and users′perceptions via face-to-face interviews.To date,there is no published report of firsthand account of their usage in Singapore.Such important information may be permanently lost if not properly collated in time.METHODS Information on demographic data,plant-use methods and perception of usage was collated.Participants were recruited via the local newspapers,by word of mouth etc.The survey protocol was approved by the NUS Institutional Review Board.Fresh plant samples/photographs were obtained from the users and voucher specimens were kept.RESULTS Two hundredusers who have used a total of 103 species of fresh medicinal plants anytime in the last 5years participated in the survey.The five most commonly used plants were Clinacanthusnutans(34 users),Strobilanthescrispus(31 users),Pereskiableo(25 users),Aloe vera(18 users),and Zingiberofficinale(16 users).The top 3 most commonly cited medical conditions were diseases of respiratory system(50 users),neoplasm(29 users)anddiseases of circulatory system(20 users).A total of 173 users(86.5%)did not consult any healthcare professional for advice about plant usage,and only one user consulted the pharmacist.Some of the common reasons given for using fresh medicinal plants were recommendation by others(150,75.0%),efficacy(137,68.5%),and safety(117,58.5%).Most users(170,85.0%)were satisfied or highly satisfied with the outcome of plants used.CONCLUSION Two hundred users of fresh medicinal plants have been successfully interviewed and the information documented systematically in a database.The results suggest that fresh medicinal plants have a role to play in healthcare in modern society.The information collated will serve as a useful resource for identifying promising plants for future drug discovery efforts.
文摘The process of human natural scene categorization consists of two correlated stages: visual perception and visual cognition of natural scenes.Inspired by this fact,we propose a biologically plausible approach for natural scene image classification.This approach consists of one visual perception model and two visual cognition models.The visual perception model,composed of two steps,is used to extract discriminative features from natural scene images.In the first step,we mimic the oriented and bandpass properties of human primary visual cortex by a special complex wavelets transform,which can decompose a natural scene image into a series of 2D spatial structure signals.In the second step,a hybrid statistical feature extraction method is used to generate gist features from those 2D spatial structure signals.Then we design a cognitive feedback model to realize adaptive optimization for the visual perception model.At last,we build a multiple semantics based cognition model to imitate human cognitive mode in rapid natural scene categorization.Experiments on natural scene datasets show that the proposed method achieves high efficiency and accuracy for natural scene classification.
文摘In an era of intelligent coordination and integration across the domains of air,space,land,and sea,the electromagnetic spectrum becomes the core carrier for information exchange.Precise control and efficient utilization of the electromagnetic spectrum is the key for overcoming bottlenecks in multi-domain coordination.From real-time situation awareness,to seamless flow of all-domain information,to efficient interconnection of massive terminals,complex scenarios present unprecedented challenges to the timeliness,reliability,and anti-interference of information exchange.
文摘Accurately sensing the channel state of heterogeneous networks is key to matching users'diverse service communication demands with the channel state,and is an effective way to improve the utilization efficiency of network resource.However,existing channel state perception methods are not suitable for heterogeneous network,and their perception performance is easily affected by interference uncertainty.In order to achieve channel state perception of heterogeneous networks,this paper adopts a centralized collaborative perception model,where each node obtains local channel state perception results based on statistical pulse parameters at the physical layer.In order to reduce the impact of interference on perception performance,this paper uses the Jousselme distance to quantify the degree of difference among nodes caused by interference.Using the average credibility as a threshold,nodes in the sensing area are classified.On this basis,the local perception results of each node are performed classification-based correction to improve the accuracy and reliability of channel state perception.Simulation results indicate that the proposed method has good adaptability for channel state perception in complex electromagnetic environments.The perception results can accurately reflect the actual channel state,which is conducive to improving the network throughput.
文摘Objective Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties with communication and social interaction,restricted and repetitive behaviors.Previous studies have indicated that individuals with ASD exhibit early and lifelong attention deficits,which are closely related to the core symptoms of ASD.Basic visual attention processes may provide a critical foundation for their social communication and interaction abilities.Therefore,this study explores the behavior of children with ASD in capturing attention to changes in topological properties.Methods Our study recruited twenty-seven ASD children diagnosed by professional clinicians according to DSM-5 and twenty-eight typically developing(TD)age-matched controls.In an attention capture task,we recorded the saccadic behaviors of children with ASD and TD in response to topological change(TC)and non-topological change(nTC)stimuli.Saccadic reaction time(SRT),visual search time(VS),and first fixation dwell time(FFDT)were used as indicators of attentional bias.Pearson correlation tests between the clinical assessment scales and attentional bias were conducted.Results This study found that TD children had significantly faster SRT(P<0.05)and VS(P<0.05)for the TC stimuli compared to the nTC stimuli,while the children with ASD did not exhibit significant differences in either measure(P>0.05).Additionally,ASD children demonstrated significantly less attention towards the TC targets(measured by FFDT),in comparison to TD children(P<0.05).Furthermore,ASD children exhibited a significant negative linear correlation between their attentional bias(measured by VS)and their scores on the compulsive subscale(P<0.05).Conclusion The results suggest that children with ASD have difficulty shifting their attention to objects with topological changes during change detection.This atypical attention may affect the child’s cognitive and behavioral development,thereby impacting their social communication and interaction.In sum,our findings indicate that difficulties in attentional capture by TC may be a key feature of ASD.
基金Projects(91220301,61175064,61273314)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(126648)supported by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University,ChinaProject(2012170301)supported by the New Teacher Fund for School of Information Science and Engineering,Central South University,China
文摘Since there is lack of methodology to assess the performance of defogging algorithm and the existing assessment methods have some limitations,three new methods for assessing the defogging algorithm were proposed.One was using synthetic foggy image simulated by image degradation model to assess the defogging algorithm in full-reference way.In this method,the absolute difference was computed between the synthetic image with and without fog.The other two were computing the fog density of gray level image or constructing assessment system of color image from human visual perception to assess the defogging algorithm in no-reference way.For these methods,an assessment function was defined to evaluate algorithm performance from the function value.Using the defogging algorithm comparison,the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed methods.
文摘It is argued that research on eye movements has now entered a fourth general era. Each of the four eras is briefly reviewed, and research findings related to eye movements during reading, scene perception, and visual search are discussed. Future directions for research in each of these areas and research in other domains involving eye movements are also discussed.
文摘In 1995 Ince[1] wrote an article for the Times Higher Educational Supplement noting that there was little theoretical understanding of software engineering and that therefore computer studies did not constitute an academic discipline.Computing departments should be balkanised.Computing staff should be dispersed to other departments such as maths,psychology and business studies.This contro.ersy has recently been rein.igorated by McBride’s article[2] in the same paper and on the British Computer Society web site[3] arguing that in face of the massi.e decline in computing student intake onto uni.ersity undergraduate courses that the future for traditional courses is bleak.The reaction generated[3-4] reflects the anxiety within computing departments.The concern is e.ident.
文摘Climate change is a serious challenger for Africa. Scientific researches showed that although climate across Africa has always been erratic,the recent trend indicates‘new and dangerous extremes’.According to the 2001 Ethiopia’s Ministry of Water Resources and National Meteorological Services Agency joint Initial National Communication of Ethiopia to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change,
