Background and objective Approximately 30% of patients who are diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are classified as N2 on the basis of metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes. The effectiveness of sur...Background and objective Approximately 30% of patients who are diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are classified as N2 on the basis of metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes. The effectiveness of surgery for these patients remains controversial. Although surgeries in recent years are proved to be effective to some extent,yet due to many reasons,5-year survival rate after surgery varies greatly from patient to patient. Thus it is necessary to select patients who have a high probability of being be cured through an operation,who are suitable to receive surgery and the best surgical methods so as to figure out the conditions under which surgical treatment can be chosen and the factors that may influence prognosis. Methods 165 out of 173 patients with N2 NSCLC were treated with surgery in our department from January 1999 to May 2003,among whom 130 were male,43 female and the sex ratio was 3:1,average age 53,ranging from 29 to 79. The database covers the patients’ complete medical history including the information of their age,sex,location and size of tumor,date of operation,surgical methods,histologic diagnosis,clinical stage,post-operative TNM stage,neoadjuvant treatment and chemoradiotherapy. The methods of clinical stage verification include chest X-ray,chest CT,PET,mediastinoscopy,bronchoscope (+?),brain CT or MRI,abdominal B ultrasound (or CT),and bone ECT. The pathological classification was based on the international standard for lung cancer (UICC 1997). Survival time was analyzed from the operation date to May 2008 with the aid of SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) program. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis,Log-rank test and Cox multiplicity were adopted respectively to obtain patients’ survival curve,survival rate and the impact possible factors may have on their survival rate. Results The median survival time was 22 months,with 3-year survival rate reaching 28.1% and 5-year survival rate reaching 19.0%. Age,sex,different histological classification and postoperative chemoradiotherapy seem to have no correlation with 5-year survival rate. In all N2 subtypes,5-year survival rate is remarkably higher for unexpected N2 discovered at thoractomy and proven N2 stage before preoperative work-up and receive a mediastinal down-staging after induction therapy (P<0.01),reaching 30.4% and 27.3% respectively. 5-year survival rate for single station lymph node metastasis were 27.8%,much higher compared with 9.3% for multiple stations (P<0.001). Induction therapy which downstages proven N2 in 73.3% patients gains them the opportunity of surgery. The 5-year survival rate were 23.6% and 13.0% for patients who had complete resection and those who had incomplete resection (P<0.001). Patients who underwent lobectomy (23.2%) have higher survival rate,less incidence rate of complication and mortality rate,compared with pneumonectomy (14.8%) (P<0.01). T4 patients has a 5-year survival rate as low as 11.1%,much less than T1 (31.5%) and T2 (24.3%) patients (P=0.01). It is noted through Cox analysis that completeness of resection,number of positive lymph node stations and primary T status have significant correlativity with 5-year survival rate. Conclusion It is suggested that surgery (lobectomy preferentially) is the best solution for T1 and T2 with primary tumor have not invaded pleura or the distance to carina of trachea no less than 2 cm,unexpected N2 discovered at thoractomy when a complete resection can be applied,and proven N2 discovered during preoperative work-up and is down-staged after induction therapy. Surgical treatment is the best option,lobectomy should be prioritized in operational methods since ite rate of complication and morality are lower than that of pneumonectomy. Patients’ survival time will not benefit from surgery if they are with lymph nodes metastasis of multiple stations (Bulky N2 included) and T4 which can be partially removed. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy increases long-term survival rate of those with N2 proven prior to surgery. However,postoperative radiotherapy decreases local recurrence rate but does not contribute to patients’ long-term survival rate.展开更多
Objective To elucidate the characteristics and metastastic pattern of skipping mediastinal lymph node metastasis (skipping N2) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and investigate reasonable extent of lymph node dis...Objective To elucidate the characteristics and metastastic pattern of skipping mediastinal lymph node metastasis (skipping N2) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and investigate reasonable extent of lymph node dissection. Methods From 1990 to 1998, lobectomy combined with systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed in 109 patients with NSCLC. A retrospective study was carried out to elucidate the characteristics of skipping N2 disease and to compare the difference between skipping N2 and non-skipping N2 diseases. Results Twenty-one patients (19%) had skipping N2 diseases. Of the skipping N2 group, 18 cases (86%) were adenocarcinoma. Skipping N2 disease was more common in T1 and T2 group than that in T3 and T4 group (P<0.01). All skipping N2 diseases only involved one nodal station, and most of them were regional mediastinal nodal metastasis. Skipping N2 from upper lobe tumors mainly involved superior tracheobronchial or subaortic lymph nodes, and skipping N2 from lower lobe tumors involved subcarinal lymph nodes. Conclusion Skipping N2 disease presents certain clinical characteristics and metastastic pattern, and mediastinal nodal dissection might be modified according to the pattern.展开更多
乳腺分泌性癌(secretory carcinoma of the breast, SCB)是一种罕见的乳腺恶性肿瘤,约占所有类型乳腺癌的0.02%,ETV6-NTRK3融合基因是其特征性基因改变。尽管多数情况下具有三阴表型,SCB通常预后良好,罕见复发、转移,但相关的分子基因...乳腺分泌性癌(secretory carcinoma of the breast, SCB)是一种罕见的乳腺恶性肿瘤,约占所有类型乳腺癌的0.02%,ETV6-NTRK3融合基因是其特征性基因改变。尽管多数情况下具有三阴表型,SCB通常预后良好,罕见复发、转移,但相关的分子基因组学改变仍未明确。本文报道了1例TERT启动子突变的复发SCB患者的临床资料、组织学特征、免疫表型及分子基因组学改变,并复习相关文献,从而加深对SCB的认识。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Science and Research Department,belongs to China-Japan Friendship Hospital directly affiliated to Chinese Ministry of Health
文摘Background and objective Approximately 30% of patients who are diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are classified as N2 on the basis of metastasis to the mediastinal lymph nodes. The effectiveness of surgery for these patients remains controversial. Although surgeries in recent years are proved to be effective to some extent,yet due to many reasons,5-year survival rate after surgery varies greatly from patient to patient. Thus it is necessary to select patients who have a high probability of being be cured through an operation,who are suitable to receive surgery and the best surgical methods so as to figure out the conditions under which surgical treatment can be chosen and the factors that may influence prognosis. Methods 165 out of 173 patients with N2 NSCLC were treated with surgery in our department from January 1999 to May 2003,among whom 130 were male,43 female and the sex ratio was 3:1,average age 53,ranging from 29 to 79. The database covers the patients’ complete medical history including the information of their age,sex,location and size of tumor,date of operation,surgical methods,histologic diagnosis,clinical stage,post-operative TNM stage,neoadjuvant treatment and chemoradiotherapy. The methods of clinical stage verification include chest X-ray,chest CT,PET,mediastinoscopy,bronchoscope (+?),brain CT or MRI,abdominal B ultrasound (or CT),and bone ECT. The pathological classification was based on the international standard for lung cancer (UICC 1997). Survival time was analyzed from the operation date to May 2008 with the aid of SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) program. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis,Log-rank test and Cox multiplicity were adopted respectively to obtain patients’ survival curve,survival rate and the impact possible factors may have on their survival rate. Results The median survival time was 22 months,with 3-year survival rate reaching 28.1% and 5-year survival rate reaching 19.0%. Age,sex,different histological classification and postoperative chemoradiotherapy seem to have no correlation with 5-year survival rate. In all N2 subtypes,5-year survival rate is remarkably higher for unexpected N2 discovered at thoractomy and proven N2 stage before preoperative work-up and receive a mediastinal down-staging after induction therapy (P<0.01),reaching 30.4% and 27.3% respectively. 5-year survival rate for single station lymph node metastasis were 27.8%,much higher compared with 9.3% for multiple stations (P<0.001). Induction therapy which downstages proven N2 in 73.3% patients gains them the opportunity of surgery. The 5-year survival rate were 23.6% and 13.0% for patients who had complete resection and those who had incomplete resection (P<0.001). Patients who underwent lobectomy (23.2%) have higher survival rate,less incidence rate of complication and mortality rate,compared with pneumonectomy (14.8%) (P<0.01). T4 patients has a 5-year survival rate as low as 11.1%,much less than T1 (31.5%) and T2 (24.3%) patients (P=0.01). It is noted through Cox analysis that completeness of resection,number of positive lymph node stations and primary T status have significant correlativity with 5-year survival rate. Conclusion It is suggested that surgery (lobectomy preferentially) is the best solution for T1 and T2 with primary tumor have not invaded pleura or the distance to carina of trachea no less than 2 cm,unexpected N2 discovered at thoractomy when a complete resection can be applied,and proven N2 discovered during preoperative work-up and is down-staged after induction therapy. Surgical treatment is the best option,lobectomy should be prioritized in operational methods since ite rate of complication and morality are lower than that of pneumonectomy. Patients’ survival time will not benefit from surgery if they are with lymph nodes metastasis of multiple stations (Bulky N2 included) and T4 which can be partially removed. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy increases long-term survival rate of those with N2 proven prior to surgery. However,postoperative radiotherapy decreases local recurrence rate but does not contribute to patients’ long-term survival rate.
基金supported by grant from the scientif ic fund of the Ministry of Personnel for returned overseas expert (2006)Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC (to Mingjian GE)(CSTC, No.2008BB5210)
文摘Objective To elucidate the characteristics and metastastic pattern of skipping mediastinal lymph node metastasis (skipping N2) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and investigate reasonable extent of lymph node dissection. Methods From 1990 to 1998, lobectomy combined with systematic mediastinal lymph node dissection was performed in 109 patients with NSCLC. A retrospective study was carried out to elucidate the characteristics of skipping N2 disease and to compare the difference between skipping N2 and non-skipping N2 diseases. Results Twenty-one patients (19%) had skipping N2 diseases. Of the skipping N2 group, 18 cases (86%) were adenocarcinoma. Skipping N2 disease was more common in T1 and T2 group than that in T3 and T4 group (P<0.01). All skipping N2 diseases only involved one nodal station, and most of them were regional mediastinal nodal metastasis. Skipping N2 from upper lobe tumors mainly involved superior tracheobronchial or subaortic lymph nodes, and skipping N2 from lower lobe tumors involved subcarinal lymph nodes. Conclusion Skipping N2 disease presents certain clinical characteristics and metastastic pattern, and mediastinal nodal dissection might be modified according to the pattern.
文摘乳腺分泌性癌(secretory carcinoma of the breast, SCB)是一种罕见的乳腺恶性肿瘤,约占所有类型乳腺癌的0.02%,ETV6-NTRK3融合基因是其特征性基因改变。尽管多数情况下具有三阴表型,SCB通常预后良好,罕见复发、转移,但相关的分子基因组学改变仍未明确。本文报道了1例TERT启动子突变的复发SCB患者的临床资料、组织学特征、免疫表型及分子基因组学改变,并复习相关文献,从而加深对SCB的认识。
文摘目的:分析与前列腺癌患者盆腔淋巴结转移(pelvic lymph node metastasis,PLNM)相关的临床特征,构建PLNM的术前预测模型,以减少不必要的扩大盆腔淋巴结清扫(extended pelvic lymph node dissection,ePLND)。方法:根据纳入与排除标准,回顾性收集2014—2024年间在郑州大学第一附属医院接受前列腺癌根治术和ePLND的344例患者,其中77例(22.4%)患者淋巴结阳性。收集患者的临床特征、MRI报告和组织病理结果,将数据随机分为训练集(241例,70%)和验证集(103例,30%),采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析构建PLNM的术前预测模型。结果:单因素Logistic回归分析表明,总前列腺特异性抗原(total prostate specific antigen,tPSA)(P=0.021)、游离前列腺特异性抗原(free prostate specific antigen,fPSA)(P=0.002)、fPSA/tPSA(P=0.011)、穿刺阳性针数百分比(P<0.001)、前列腺影像报告和数据系统(prostate imaging reporting and data system,PI-RADS)评分(P=0.004)、穿刺病理Gleason评分≥8(P=0.005)、临床T分期(P<0.001)和MRI显示的淋巴结受累(MRI-indicated lymph node involvement,MRI-LNI)(P<0.001)是预测PLNM的显著因素。多因素Logistic回归分析表明,穿刺阳性针数百分比(OR=91.24,95%CI:13.34~968.68)、PI-RADS评分(OR=7.64,95%CI:1.78~138.06)和MRI-LNI(OR=4.67,95%CI:1.74~13.24)是预测PLNM的独立危险因素。基于此构建列线图,多因素模型的预测效果[曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)=0.883]显著优于单一指标[阳性针数百分比(AUC=0.806)、PI-RADS评分(AUC=0.679)和MRI-LNI(AUC=0.768)]。校准曲线和决策曲线表明,多因素模型具有较高的预测准确度和显著的净收益,在6%的截断值下只漏检了约5.2%的PLNM(4/77),而减少了约53%的ePLND(139/267),显示出较好的预测效果。结论:穿刺阳性针数百分比、PI-RADS评分和MRI-LNI是PLNM的独立危险因素,构建多因素模型可显著提高预测效果,为指导临床ePLND策略提供了有价值的参考。
