An accurate long-term energy demand forecasting is essential for energy planning and policy making. However, due to the immature energy data collecting and statistical methods, the available data are usually limited i...An accurate long-term energy demand forecasting is essential for energy planning and policy making. However, due to the immature energy data collecting and statistical methods, the available data are usually limited in many regions. In this paper, on the basis of comprehensive literature review, we proposed a hybrid model based on the long-range alternative energy planning (LEAP) model to improve the accuracy of energy demand forecasting in these regions. By taking Hunan province, China as a typical case, the proposed hybrid model was applied to estimating the possible future energy demand and energy-saving potentials in different sectors. The structure of LEAP model was estimated by Sankey energy flow, and Leslie matrix and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models were used to predict the population, industrial structure and transportation turnover, respectively. Monte-Carlo method was employed to evaluate the uncertainty of forecasted results. The results showed that the hybrid model combined with scenario analysis provided a relatively accurate forecast for the long-term energy demand in regions with limited statistical data, and the average standard error of probabilistic distribution in 2030 energy demand was as low as 0.15. The prediction results could provide supportive references to identify energy-saving potentials and energy development pathways.展开更多
面对中国钢铁行业耗能高、CO2排放量巨大、严重供过于求导致钢铁企业大面积亏损的严峻形势,中国政府推行了淘汰落后产能、推广节能减排技术以及建立全国性碳交易市场等政策。借助长期能源规划平台LEAP(Longrange Energy Alternatives Pl...面对中国钢铁行业耗能高、CO2排放量巨大、严重供过于求导致钢铁企业大面积亏损的严峻形势,中国政府推行了淘汰落后产能、推广节能减排技术以及建立全国性碳交易市场等政策。借助长期能源规划平台LEAP(Longrange Energy Alternatives Planning System),建立了LEAP-Policy模型,通过构建1个基准情景和3个政策情景来模拟分析中国钢铁产业政策的效果,并探索2015—2040年中国钢铁行业的节能减排潜力。研究发现:中国钢铁行业存在巨大的节能减排潜力,4个情景的节能减排效果排序为:碳交易市场情景(ET)>缩减产能情景(CEC)>技术推广情景(TI)>基准情景(BAU)。碳交易市场情景(ET)2040年的能源需求总量为49亿吉焦,CO2排放总量为3.61亿吨,分别比基准情景(BAU)降低了60.5%和68.4%,节能减排效果最为显著。如果政府制定的产业政策得到有效实施,中国钢铁行业未来的能源消耗和CO2排放量可以得到有效控制。展开更多
基金Project(51606225) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2016JJ2144) supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(502221703) supported by Graduate Independent Explorative Innovation Foundation of Central South University,China
文摘An accurate long-term energy demand forecasting is essential for energy planning and policy making. However, due to the immature energy data collecting and statistical methods, the available data are usually limited in many regions. In this paper, on the basis of comprehensive literature review, we proposed a hybrid model based on the long-range alternative energy planning (LEAP) model to improve the accuracy of energy demand forecasting in these regions. By taking Hunan province, China as a typical case, the proposed hybrid model was applied to estimating the possible future energy demand and energy-saving potentials in different sectors. The structure of LEAP model was estimated by Sankey energy flow, and Leslie matrix and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models were used to predict the population, industrial structure and transportation turnover, respectively. Monte-Carlo method was employed to evaluate the uncertainty of forecasted results. The results showed that the hybrid model combined with scenario analysis provided a relatively accurate forecast for the long-term energy demand in regions with limited statistical data, and the average standard error of probabilistic distribution in 2030 energy demand was as low as 0.15. The prediction results could provide supportive references to identify energy-saving potentials and energy development pathways.
文摘面对中国钢铁行业耗能高、CO2排放量巨大、严重供过于求导致钢铁企业大面积亏损的严峻形势,中国政府推行了淘汰落后产能、推广节能减排技术以及建立全国性碳交易市场等政策。借助长期能源规划平台LEAP(Longrange Energy Alternatives Planning System),建立了LEAP-Policy模型,通过构建1个基准情景和3个政策情景来模拟分析中国钢铁产业政策的效果,并探索2015—2040年中国钢铁行业的节能减排潜力。研究发现:中国钢铁行业存在巨大的节能减排潜力,4个情景的节能减排效果排序为:碳交易市场情景(ET)>缩减产能情景(CEC)>技术推广情景(TI)>基准情景(BAU)。碳交易市场情景(ET)2040年的能源需求总量为49亿吉焦,CO2排放总量为3.61亿吨,分别比基准情景(BAU)降低了60.5%和68.4%,节能减排效果最为显著。如果政府制定的产业政策得到有效实施,中国钢铁行业未来的能源消耗和CO2排放量可以得到有效控制。
