背景与目的：近年来，随着技术发展，越来越多的基于能量传递的止血工具广泛问世并应用于开放性外科手术中。超声刀Focus刀头（Harmonic Focus，HF）及Ligasure Small Jaw刀头（LSJ）都是专为开放性甲状腺手术量身定做的。本文拟对北京...背景与目的：近年来，随着技术发展，越来越多的基于能量传递的止血工具广泛问世并应用于开放性外科手术中。超声刀Focus刀头（Harmonic Focus，HF）及Ligasure Small Jaw刀头（LSJ）都是专为开放性甲状腺手术量身定做的。本文拟对北京协和医学院中国医学科学院肿瘤医院HF及LSJ完成的开放性甲状腺手术患者的临床资料进行病例对照分析，以期比较HF及LSJ在开放性甲状腺手术中的应用效果。探讨HF及LSJ用于开放性甲状腺手术的有效性及安全性。方法：选取本院过去1年内甲状腺癌初治患者，由同一外科医师主刀使用HF或LSJ完成甲状腺全切除＋中央区清扫术，纳入HF组100例，LSJ组104例。通过比较两组手术时间及术后第1天引流量，比较两者在甲状腺手术中应用的有效性。通过比较两组术后并发症来评估安全性。结果：有效性：HF组平均手术时间为（95．8±18．0）min，LSJ组平均手术时间为（97．8±19．1）min，差异无统计学意义（P=-0．363）；术后首日引流量HF组为（35．2±20．3）mL，LSJ组为（36．3±23．8）mL，差异无统计学意义（P=0．977）。安全性：HF组出现暂时性声带麻痹者1例（1．0％），LSJ组术后伤口出现术区血肿者1例（1．0％）；暂时I生甲状旁腺功能低下者HF组18例（18．O％），LSJ组16例（15．4％）；HF组术后首日甲状旁腺素平均下降（12．3±12．8）pg／mL，LSJ组平均下降（13．9±13．4）μg／mL；血清离子钙HF组平均下降（0．20±0．13）mg／dL，LSJ组平均下降（0．20±0．16）mg／dL，差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）。结论：HF及LSJ在开放性甲状腺手术中均安全、有效，手术并发症相当。展开更多
Based on Taylor series expansion and strain components expressions of elastic mechanics, we derive formulae of strain and rotation tensor for small arrays in spherical coordinates system. By linearization process of t...Based on Taylor series expansion and strain components expressions of elastic mechanics, we derive formulae of strain and rotation tensor for small arrays in spherical coordinates system. By linearization process of the formulae, we also derive expressions of strain components and Euler vector uncertainties respectively for subnets using the law of error propagation. Taking GPS velocity field in Sichuan-Yunnan area as an example, we compute dilation rate and maximum shear strain rate field using the above procedure, and their characteristics are preliminarily car- ried on. Limits of the strain model for small array are also discussed. We make detailed explanations on small array method and the choice of small arrays. How to set weights of GPS observations are further discussed. Moreover relationship between strain and radius of GPS subnets is also analyzed.展开更多
In the paper, source mechanisms of 33 small-moderate earthquakes occurred in Yunnan are determined by modeling of regional waveforms from Yunnan digital seismic network. The result shows that most earthquakes occurred...In the paper, source mechanisms of 33 small-moderate earthquakes occurred in Yunnan are determined by modeling of regional waveforms from Yunnan digital seismic network. The result shows that most earthquakes occurred within or near the Chuandian rhombic block have strike-slip mechanism. The orientations of maximum compressive stresses obtained from source mechanism are changed from NNW-SSN to NS in the areas from north to south of the block, and tensile stresses are mainly in ENE-WSW or NE-SE. In the eastern Tibetan Plateau, the orientations of maximum compressive stress radiate toward outside from the plateau, and the tensile stress orientations mostly parallel to arc structures. Near 28N the orientations of both maximum compressive stress and tensile stress changed greatly, and the boundary seems to correspond to the southwestern extended line of Longmenshan fault. Outside of the Chuandian rhombic block, the orientations of P and T axes are some different from those within the block. The comparison shows that the source mechanism of small-moderate events presented in the paper is consistence with that of moderate-strong earthquakes determined by Harvard University, which means the source mechanism of small-moderate events can be used to study the tectonic stress field in this region.展开更多
文摘背景与目的：近年来，随着技术发展，越来越多的基于能量传递的止血工具广泛问世并应用于开放性外科手术中。超声刀Focus刀头（Harmonic Focus，HF）及Ligasure Small Jaw刀头（LSJ）都是专为开放性甲状腺手术量身定做的。本文拟对北京协和医学院中国医学科学院肿瘤医院HF及LSJ完成的开放性甲状腺手术患者的临床资料进行病例对照分析，以期比较HF及LSJ在开放性甲状腺手术中的应用效果。探讨HF及LSJ用于开放性甲状腺手术的有效性及安全性。方法：选取本院过去1年内甲状腺癌初治患者，由同一外科医师主刀使用HF或LSJ完成甲状腺全切除＋中央区清扫术，纳入HF组100例，LSJ组104例。通过比较两组手术时间及术后第1天引流量，比较两者在甲状腺手术中应用的有效性。通过比较两组术后并发症来评估安全性。结果：有效性：HF组平均手术时间为（95．8±18．0）min，LSJ组平均手术时间为（97．8±19．1）min，差异无统计学意义（P=-0．363）；术后首日引流量HF组为（35．2±20．3）mL，LSJ组为（36．3±23．8）mL，差异无统计学意义（P=0．977）。安全性：HF组出现暂时性声带麻痹者1例（1．0％），LSJ组术后伤口出现术区血肿者1例（1．0％）；暂时I生甲状旁腺功能低下者HF组18例（18．O％），LSJ组16例（15．4％）；HF组术后首日甲状旁腺素平均下降（12．3±12．8）pg／mL，LSJ组平均下降（13．9±13．4）μg／mL；血清离子钙HF组平均下降（0．20±0．13）mg／dL，LSJ组平均下降（0．20±0．16）mg／dL，差异均无统计学意义（P均〉0．05）。结论：HF及LSJ在开放性甲状腺手术中均安全、有效，手术并发症相当。
基金State Key Basic Research Development and Programming Project of China (2004CB418403)Special Foundation of Seismological Science (200708030)Basic Scientific Research Program of Institute of Earthquake Science (2007-22)
文摘Based on Taylor series expansion and strain components expressions of elastic mechanics, we derive formulae of strain and rotation tensor for small arrays in spherical coordinates system. By linearization process of the formulae, we also derive expressions of strain components and Euler vector uncertainties respectively for subnets using the law of error propagation. Taking GPS velocity field in Sichuan-Yunnan area as an example, we compute dilation rate and maximum shear strain rate field using the above procedure, and their characteristics are preliminarily car- ried on. Limits of the strain model for small array are also discussed. We make detailed explanations on small array method and the choice of small arrays. How to set weights of GPS observations are further discussed. Moreover relationship between strain and radius of GPS subnets is also analyzed.
文摘In the paper, source mechanisms of 33 small-moderate earthquakes occurred in Yunnan are determined by modeling of regional waveforms from Yunnan digital seismic network. The result shows that most earthquakes occurred within or near the Chuandian rhombic block have strike-slip mechanism. The orientations of maximum compressive stresses obtained from source mechanism are changed from NNW-SSN to NS in the areas from north to south of the block, and tensile stresses are mainly in ENE-WSW or NE-SE. In the eastern Tibetan Plateau, the orientations of maximum compressive stress radiate toward outside from the plateau, and the tensile stress orientations mostly parallel to arc structures. Near 28N the orientations of both maximum compressive stress and tensile stress changed greatly, and the boundary seems to correspond to the southwestern extended line of Longmenshan fault. Outside of the Chuandian rhombic block, the orientations of P and T axes are some different from those within the block. The comparison shows that the source mechanism of small-moderate events presented in the paper is consistence with that of moderate-strong earthquakes determined by Harvard University, which means the source mechanism of small-moderate events can be used to study the tectonic stress field in this region.
