The problems associated with vibrations of viaducts and low-frequency structural noise radiation caused by train excitation continue to increase in importance.A new floating-slab track vibration isolator-non-obstructi...The problems associated with vibrations of viaducts and low-frequency structural noise radiation caused by train excitation continue to increase in importance.A new floating-slab track vibration isolator-non-obstructive particle damping-phononic crystal vibration isolator is proposed herein,which uses the particle damping vibration absorption technology and bandgap vibration control theory.The vibration reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVI was analyzed from the perspective of vibration control.The paper explores the structure-borne noise reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVIs installed on different bridge structures under varying service conditions encountered in practical engineering applications.The load transferred to the bridge is obtained from a coupled train-FST-bridge analytical model considering the different structural parameters of bridges.The vibration responses are obtained using the finite element method,while the structural noise radiation is simulated using the frequency-domain boundary element method.Using the particle swarm optimization algorithm,the parameters of the NOPD-PCVI are optimized so that its frequency bandgap matches the dominant bridge structural noise frequency range.The noise reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVIs is compared to the steel-spring isolation under different service conditions.展开更多
目的:总结重症监护室(ICU)经口气管插管病人口腔黏膜压力性损伤预防的最佳证据,并探讨基于此证据制订的实践方案的应用效果。方法:检索UpToDate、BMJ Best Practice、Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)循证卫生保健中心数据库等国内外数据...目的:总结重症监护室(ICU)经口气管插管病人口腔黏膜压力性损伤预防的最佳证据,并探讨基于此证据制订的实践方案的应用效果。方法:检索UpToDate、BMJ Best Practice、Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)循证卫生保健中心数据库等国内外数据库及相关专业组织网站中ICU经口气管插管病人口腔黏膜压力性损伤预防的相关文献,检索时限为建库至2023年5月31日。由2名经过循证培训的研究者独立进行文献质量评价和提取数据。随后,基于证据制订相应的实践方案并在某三级甲等医院综合ICU开展循证实践,评价实践效果。结果:共纳入12篇文献,从风险评估、插管管理、口腔护理等方面总结出12项预防策略。第2轮实践后,高危病人识别率从62.1%提高至91.7%,气管插管固定规范率从60.50%升至100.00%,口腔护理规范率从42.70%升至100.00%,口腔黏膜压力性损伤发生率从35.2%降至10.0%,2期及以上损伤比例从14.8%降至0;医护人员相关知识得分从(12.5±2.3)分提高至(18.6±1.1)分。结论:总结的ICU经口气管插管病人口腔黏膜压力性损伤预防策略可有效提高口腔黏膜压力性损伤的预防效果、高危病人识别率及护理规范化水平,降低口腔黏膜压力性损伤发生率,提升医护人员相关知识。展开更多
基金Project(51978585)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation,ChinaProject(2022YFB2603404)supported by the National Key Research and Development Program,China+1 种基金Project(U1734207)supported by the High-speed Rail Joint Fund Key Projects of Basic Research,ChinaProject(2023NSFSC1975)supported by the Sichuan Nature and Science Foundation Innovation Research Group Project,China。
文摘The problems associated with vibrations of viaducts and low-frequency structural noise radiation caused by train excitation continue to increase in importance.A new floating-slab track vibration isolator-non-obstructive particle damping-phononic crystal vibration isolator is proposed herein,which uses the particle damping vibration absorption technology and bandgap vibration control theory.The vibration reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVI was analyzed from the perspective of vibration control.The paper explores the structure-borne noise reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVIs installed on different bridge structures under varying service conditions encountered in practical engineering applications.The load transferred to the bridge is obtained from a coupled train-FST-bridge analytical model considering the different structural parameters of bridges.The vibration responses are obtained using the finite element method,while the structural noise radiation is simulated using the frequency-domain boundary element method.Using the particle swarm optimization algorithm,the parameters of the NOPD-PCVI are optimized so that its frequency bandgap matches the dominant bridge structural noise frequency range.The noise reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVIs is compared to the steel-spring isolation under different service conditions.
文摘目的:总结重症监护室(ICU)经口气管插管病人口腔黏膜压力性损伤预防的最佳证据,并探讨基于此证据制订的实践方案的应用效果。方法:检索UpToDate、BMJ Best Practice、Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)循证卫生保健中心数据库等国内外数据库及相关专业组织网站中ICU经口气管插管病人口腔黏膜压力性损伤预防的相关文献,检索时限为建库至2023年5月31日。由2名经过循证培训的研究者独立进行文献质量评价和提取数据。随后,基于证据制订相应的实践方案并在某三级甲等医院综合ICU开展循证实践,评价实践效果。结果:共纳入12篇文献,从风险评估、插管管理、口腔护理等方面总结出12项预防策略。第2轮实践后,高危病人识别率从62.1%提高至91.7%,气管插管固定规范率从60.50%升至100.00%,口腔护理规范率从42.70%升至100.00%,口腔黏膜压力性损伤发生率从35.2%降至10.0%,2期及以上损伤比例从14.8%降至0;医护人员相关知识得分从(12.5±2.3)分提高至(18.6±1.1)分。结论:总结的ICU经口气管插管病人口腔黏膜压力性损伤预防策略可有效提高口腔黏膜压力性损伤的预防效果、高危病人识别率及护理规范化水平,降低口腔黏膜压力性损伤发生率,提升医护人员相关知识。
