目的:Charlson共病指数可反映全身共病负担,其在心血管领域已有应用,但在急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)合并室性心律失常(ventricular arrhythmias,VA)患者院内死亡预测中的作用尚未明确。本研究旨在评估Charlson共病...目的:Charlson共病指数可反映全身共病负担,其在心血管领域已有应用,但在急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)合并室性心律失常(ventricular arrhythmias,VA)患者院内死亡预测中的作用尚未明确。本研究旨在评估Charlson共病指数预测AMI合并VA患者院内死亡的价值并构建预测模型,以期早期识别并制订个体化管理策略,改善患者预后。方法:本研究基于重症医学领域的开源数据库MIMIC-IV(Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV),纳入符合AMI合并VA诊断标准的ICU患者为研究对象,并根据院内死亡情况进行分组。分析Charlson共病指数及其他临床指标预测AMI合并VA患者院内死亡的效能。采用最小绝对收缩和选择算子(the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,LASSO)回归筛选预测因子,并纳入多因素Logistic回归模型进行分析。基于多因素Logistic回归结果构建列线图预测模型,绘制受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线和校准曲线评估模型的预测效能。结果:本研究共纳入AMI合并VA患者1492例,其中发生院内死亡者340例,未发生院内死亡者1152例。发生院内死亡者与未发生院内死亡者在性别分布、生命体征、共病负担、器官功能及实验室指标方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Charlson共病指数预测院内死亡的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.712(95%CI 0.681~0.742),高于白蛋白、国际标准化比值(international normalized ratio,INR)、血红蛋白、体温、血小板等指标的预测效能,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001),但与序贯器官衰竭评估(Sequential Organ Failure Assessment,SOFA)预测效能的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。LASSO回归筛选出7个关键预测因子,即Charlson共病指数(依据四分位数值分组;T1:Charlson共病指数<6分;T2:Charlson共病指数≥6~<7分;T3:Charlson共病指数≥7~<9分;T4:Charlson共病指数≥9分)、心室颤动、年龄、收缩压、呼吸频率、体温及SOFA评分。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:与Charlson共病指数T1组患者相比,T2组(OR=1.996,95%CI 1.135~3.486,P=0.016)、T3组(OR=3.386,95%CI 2.192~5.302,P<0.001)和T4组(OR=5.679,95%CI 3.711~8.842,P<0.001)患者的院内死亡风险显著增高;年龄(OR=1.056,P<0.001)、呼吸频率(OR=1.069,P<0.001)、SOFA评分(OR=1.223,P<0.001)和心室颤动(OR=2.174,P<0.001)均是院内死亡的危险因素,收缩压(OR=0.984,P<0.001)和体温(OR=0.648,P<0.001)则是院内死亡的保护因素。基于上述预测因子构建列线图预测模型,ROC曲线分析显示该模型的AUC为0.849(95%CI 0.826~0.871),具有较高的区分能力;校准曲线分析显示预测曲线与理想曲线较为接近,平均绝对误差为0.014,具有良好的校准度。结论:Charlson共病指数是AMI合并VA患者院内死亡的独立预测因子,与SOFA评分的预测效能相近。基于Charlson共病指数和其他临床变量构建的列线图预测模型可有效评估AMI合并VA患者的院内死亡风险,为临床决策提供参考。展开更多
The utilization of nickel-based catalysts as alternatives to expensive platinum-based(Pt-based)materials for the hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic electrolytes has attracted considerable attention due to their pot...The utilization of nickel-based catalysts as alternatives to expensive platinum-based(Pt-based)materials for the hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic electrolytes has attracted considerable attention due to their potential for enabling cost-effective industrial applications.However,the unsatisfied cyclic stability and electrochemical activity limit their further application.In this work,nickel-molybdenum(Ni-Mo)alloy catalysts were successfully synthesized through a comprehensive process including electrodeposition,thermal annealing,and electrochemical activation.Owing to the synergistic interaction of molybdenum trinickelide(Ni_(3)Mo)and molybdenum dioxide(MoO_(2))in Ni-Mo alloy,the catalyst display superior overall electrochemical properties.A low overpotential of 86 mV at 10 mA/cm^(2)and a Tafel slope of 74.0 mV/dec in 0.5 mol/L H_(2)SO_(4)solution can be achieved.Notably,remarkable stability with negligible performance degradation even after 100 h could be maintained.This work presents a novel and effective strategy for the design and fabrication of high-performance,non-precious metal electrocatalysts for acidic water electrolysis.展开更多
文摘目的:Charlson共病指数可反映全身共病负担,其在心血管领域已有应用,但在急性心肌梗死(acute myocardial infarction,AMI)合并室性心律失常(ventricular arrhythmias,VA)患者院内死亡预测中的作用尚未明确。本研究旨在评估Charlson共病指数预测AMI合并VA患者院内死亡的价值并构建预测模型,以期早期识别并制订个体化管理策略,改善患者预后。方法:本研究基于重症医学领域的开源数据库MIMIC-IV(Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV),纳入符合AMI合并VA诊断标准的ICU患者为研究对象,并根据院内死亡情况进行分组。分析Charlson共病指数及其他临床指标预测AMI合并VA患者院内死亡的效能。采用最小绝对收缩和选择算子(the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator,LASSO)回归筛选预测因子,并纳入多因素Logistic回归模型进行分析。基于多因素Logistic回归结果构建列线图预测模型,绘制受试者操作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线和校准曲线评估模型的预测效能。结果:本研究共纳入AMI合并VA患者1492例,其中发生院内死亡者340例,未发生院内死亡者1152例。发生院内死亡者与未发生院内死亡者在性别分布、生命体征、共病负担、器官功能及实验室指标方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Charlson共病指数预测院内死亡的曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)为0.712(95%CI 0.681~0.742),高于白蛋白、国际标准化比值(international normalized ratio,INR)、血红蛋白、体温、血小板等指标的预测效能,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001),但与序贯器官衰竭评估(Sequential Organ Failure Assessment,SOFA)预测效能的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。LASSO回归筛选出7个关键预测因子,即Charlson共病指数(依据四分位数值分组;T1:Charlson共病指数<6分;T2:Charlson共病指数≥6~<7分;T3:Charlson共病指数≥7~<9分;T4:Charlson共病指数≥9分)、心室颤动、年龄、收缩压、呼吸频率、体温及SOFA评分。多因素Logistic回归分析显示:与Charlson共病指数T1组患者相比,T2组(OR=1.996,95%CI 1.135~3.486,P=0.016)、T3组(OR=3.386,95%CI 2.192~5.302,P<0.001)和T4组(OR=5.679,95%CI 3.711~8.842,P<0.001)患者的院内死亡风险显著增高;年龄(OR=1.056,P<0.001)、呼吸频率(OR=1.069,P<0.001)、SOFA评分(OR=1.223,P<0.001)和心室颤动(OR=2.174,P<0.001)均是院内死亡的危险因素,收缩压(OR=0.984,P<0.001)和体温(OR=0.648,P<0.001)则是院内死亡的保护因素。基于上述预测因子构建列线图预测模型,ROC曲线分析显示该模型的AUC为0.849(95%CI 0.826~0.871),具有较高的区分能力;校准曲线分析显示预测曲线与理想曲线较为接近,平均绝对误差为0.014,具有良好的校准度。结论:Charlson共病指数是AMI合并VA患者院内死亡的独立预测因子,与SOFA评分的预测效能相近。基于Charlson共病指数和其他临床变量构建的列线图预测模型可有效评估AMI合并VA患者的院内死亡风险,为临床决策提供参考。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22179138).
文摘The utilization of nickel-based catalysts as alternatives to expensive platinum-based(Pt-based)materials for the hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic electrolytes has attracted considerable attention due to their potential for enabling cost-effective industrial applications.However,the unsatisfied cyclic stability and electrochemical activity limit their further application.In this work,nickel-molybdenum(Ni-Mo)alloy catalysts were successfully synthesized through a comprehensive process including electrodeposition,thermal annealing,and electrochemical activation.Owing to the synergistic interaction of molybdenum trinickelide(Ni_(3)Mo)and molybdenum dioxide(MoO_(2))in Ni-Mo alloy,the catalyst display superior overall electrochemical properties.A low overpotential of 86 mV at 10 mA/cm^(2)and a Tafel slope of 74.0 mV/dec in 0.5 mol/L H_(2)SO_(4)solution can be achieved.Notably,remarkable stability with negligible performance degradation even after 100 h could be maintained.This work presents a novel and effective strategy for the design and fabrication of high-performance,non-precious metal electrocatalysts for acidic water electrolysis.
