摘要
人们通常认为,假言三段论是有效的。然而,假言三段论不仅有虚拟语气句反例和直陈条件句反例,而且有模态语句反例。通过对胡佛等案例的分析,我们发现:有许多假言三段论的反例并不说明假言三段论无效,而只说明假言三段论有语境局限;它不是绝对不可错的,而只是语境不可错的。语境方法可为假言三段论的有效性提供限制与辩护。
It is commonly believed that hypothetical syllogism is effective. This paper,however,argues that there are counter-examples of subjunctive conditionals,indicative conditionals and modal statements to hypothetical syllogism. By analyzing specific cases centering around Hoover,we find that there are many such counterexamples but they do not prove hypothetical syllogism invalid,but merely show that hypothetical syllogism has contextual limitations. Hypothetical syllogism is not absolutely infallible but contextually infallible. This paper concludes that the context-analytical method can provide limitation and defense for the effectiveness of hypothetical syllogism.
出处
《厦门大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2015年第3期151-156,共6页
Journal of Xiamen University(A Bimonthly for Studies in Arts & Social Sciences)
基金
国家社科基金项目"实验知识论"(14BZX067)
国家社科基金重大项目"当代知识论的系列研究"(14ZDB012)
关键词
假言三段论
反例
语境方法
hypothetical syllogism,counter-example,context-analytical method
