摘要
目的了解北京市中小学生传统欺凌和网络欺凌的流行现状,为研究干预措施提供依据。方法 2017年9—10月,采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,抽取北京市16个区12 417名小学五年级至高三年级学生进行欺凌现况问卷调查。结果过去6个月内,北京市中小学生传统欺凌他人、遭受欺凌的报告率分别为2.6%和10.6%,网络欺凌他人、遭受欺凌的报告率分别为1.0%和2.8%。无论传统欺凌还是网络欺凌,男生报告率均高于女生(P值均<0.05)。传统欺凌他人和网络欺凌他人的报告率均随着年级的增长逐渐增高,遭受传统欺凌的报告率在初中阶段最高,遭受网络欺凌的报告率在初中和高中阶段均较高。学习成绩较差的学生更容易参与传统欺凌和网络欺凌(P值均<0.05)。母亲的文化程度越高,参与传统欺凌他人的报告率越高(P=0.03)。中小学生遭受本校人员传统欺凌的比例(71.0%)高于网络欺凌(59.3%)(χ~2=15.25,P<0.01),遭受外校人员和陌生人网络欺凌的可能性(23.3%,17.4%)均高于传统欺凌(18.2%,10.8%)(χ~2值分别为3.98,9.76,P值均<0.05)。与传统欺凌相比,网络欺凌更容易发生多种类型欺凌他人行为或遭受多种欺凌行为(P值均<0.05)。结论北京市中小学生传统欺凌与网络欺凌的报告率较高,应引起学校、家长和社会的重视,采取综合干预措施,建设安全的校园和网络环境,预防欺凌行为的发生。
Objective To explore the prevalence and characteristics of traditional bullying and cyberbullying behavior among primary and middle school students and to provide evidence for the comprehensive intervention.Methods An anonymous self-administrated questionnaire survey was conducted among 12417 students(grade 5 to 12)selected with multi-stage cluster random sampling in 16 districts in Beijing between Sept.and Oct.2017.Descriptive statistics and chi square test were used for statistical analysis.Results In the past 6 months,2.6%of students were reported to be involved in traditional bullying,10.6%were reported of being bullied.1.0%of students were reported to be involved in cyberbullying,and 2.8%reported of being bullied.Boys reported significantly higher rates of traditional bullying and cyberbullying behavior.The reporting rate of traditional bullying and cyberbullying gradually increased with grade.The reporting rate of traditional bullying was highest in junior high school,while cyberbullying was common in both junior and senior high school.Students with low academic performance were more likely to involve in bully as perpetrators in both types(P<0.05).The higher maternal education background was,the higher their children involved in bullying perpetrators(P=0.03).The proportion of students who reported bullied at school was higher than cyberbullying(χ~2=15.25,P<0.01).Cyberbullying were more likely to take place outside school compared with traditional bullying(χ~2=3.98,9.76,P<0.05).Compared with traditional bullying,cyberbullying has a higher proportion of various types of bullying or being bullied.Conclusion Bullying is still prevalent among primary and middle school students in Beijing,and cyberbullying is becoming more widespread.Schools,family and the community-based comprehensive prevention strategies should be developed for a safe campus and network environment to prevent traditional and cyberbullying.
作者
郑茹
符筠
段佳丽
郭欣
星一
ZHENG Ru;FU Yun;DUAN Jiali;GUO Xin;XING Yi(Beijing Center for Diseases Prevention and Control/Beijing Center for Preventive Medicine Research,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《中国学校卫生》
CAS
北大核心
2019年第2期224-227,共4页
Chinese Journal of School Health
关键词
暴力
计算机通信网络
精神卫生
学生
Violence
Computer communication networks
Mental health
Students
作者简介
郑茹(1991-),女,河北衡水人,硕士,医师,主要研究方向为学校卫生、健康教育与健康促进;通讯作者:星一,E-mail:cyrss@126.com;通讯作者:郭欣,E-mail:gguoxin2000@126.com。
