摘要
根据我国超级杂交稻育种研究的技术思路和作者的长期栽培育种实践与研究成果 ,以两优培九 (培矮 6 4S 9311)和汕优 6 3(CK)等 7个水稻品种 (组合 )为试验材料 ,分析了 2 0项株型因素的相关关系。认为株高和叶角是超高产育种和栽培的两项最主要的株型因素。生态条件对两优培九株高的影响可以达到平均株高的 12 6 % ,并建立了株高的生态预测模型。通过对抽穗后顶部三叶的 8种叶角度配置的单位受光量的理论模拟计算证明 ,理想的株型应以剑叶与倒二叶距离 (d1d2 )为 15cm ,倒二叶与倒三叶距离 (d2d3)为 2 5cm ,叶角配置应以 4°～ 6°(剑叶 ) ,9°～ 11°(倒二叶 ) ,14°～ 16°(倒三叶 )为宜。两优培九的叶角配置已经达到了理想株型的要求。两优培九的光合优势主要表现在主茎绿叶数多、全生育期间的光合面积大、功能叶衰退较慢以及比叶重大、叶片厚等方面 。
In terms of technical strategy of our country's super hybrid rice breeding as well as experience and fruits that authors have achieved in the course of studying rice breeding, by using Liangyoupeijiu (Peiai 64S/9311) and Shanyou 63(CK) as fundamental test materials, superiority of Liangyoupeijiu in plant type and its ecological change rule were discussed by means of analyzing correlation character of 20 plant type factors. Then on the basis of numerical simulation, the reasonable leaf angle configuration of function leaves was set forth. The conclusions were as follows: (1) As for super-high yield breeding and planting, plant height and leaf angle were the two most important plant type factors. (2) Though plant height was an inheritance characteristic, ecological condition was also an important influential factor. The results indicated that coefficient of variation of plant height of Lianyoupeijiu with different sowing dates was 12.6 %, while it was 7 3% for Shanyou 63.The biggest variance of plant height reached 27 to 37 cm. An ecology prediction model for plant height was established in this study. (3) When d1d2, d2d3 was 15 cm, 25 cm respectively, and angle of flag leaf , angle of the second leaf from top as well as angle of the third leaf from top varied from 4° to 6°, 9° to 11°, 14° to 16° apart, individual plant type was perfect. Configuration of leaf angle of Liangyoupeijiu made its plant type measure up to perfection. (4) Photosynthetic superiority of Liangyoupeijiu was mainly showed by more green leaves on its main stalk which maintained large photosynthesis area during the whole growing period, by slower aging of function leaves, by bigger specific leaf weight as well as thicker lamina. And all these traits enabled it to more yield.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第5期652-657,共6页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家 8 63计划 (2 0 0 1AA2 1115 1)和总理基金资助
关键词
水稻
“两优培九”
株型特征
杂交稻
育种
试验材料
光合面积
功能叶
叶重
叶片厚
Liangyoupeijiu
Factor of plant type
Photosynthetic superiority
Ecological regular of plant height
Absorbed dose of light
