摘要
为了实现智能电网中用户用电信息安全高效地传输,本文提出了一种智能电网多级网关模型下用户多维数据聚合方案,第一次同时实现了多级网络和多维数据的结合,提高了实用性.在该方案中,我们采用Paillier同态加密与盲因子相结合的方式对用户的多维数据进行加密,使得即使攻击者获得了解密密钥也无法解密单个用户的加密信息,更加体现了数据聚合的本质.我们还设计了可以采用高效批量验证的数字签名,将用户的签名验证所需要的双线性对运算次数降低至一个常数.同时,方案还具备容错功能与查找无效签名功能,容错功能使得即使有智能电表出现故障也不会影响其他用户用电信息的收集,而当批量验证不通过时,查找无效签名功能可以实现快速查找出无效签名对应用户.另外,我们还将方案进行扩展,设计了单一用户电费计算方案和动态用户加入退出方案.通过安全性分析与性能分析,我们证明了该方案能够实现机密性,解密安全性,数据完整性,不可伪造性和批量验证安全性,并且在计算开销和通信开销方面较以往提出的方案有所改进.
In order to transmit user's electricity assumption information in a secure and efficient way in smart grids, this paper proposes a multidimensional data aggregation scheme in multilevel network in smart grids. This scheme achieves the combination of multilevel network and multidimensional data at the same time and improves the practical performance. In this scheme, we combine Paillier homomorphic encryption with blinding factor to encrypt users' multidimensional data, so that even if an attacker obtains the decryption key, he cannot decrypt single user's ciphertext. This embodies the essence of data aggregation. We also design a digital signature schemewhich can use forgery-resisting efficient batch verification. Such batch verification reduces the number of paring operations to a constant. Meanwhile, this scheme also supports fault tolerance and for invalid signatures search. Fault tolerance makes the other users' data aggregation unaffected even if some smart meters are out of action. Invalid signatures search can quickly find the users who sent invalid signatures when batch verification fails. In addition, we give two extensions of our scheme, one is that our scheme can be used to compute a fixed user's time-of-use electricity bill and the other is that our scheme is able to effectively and quickly deal with the dynamic user situation for joining and exiting. Through security analysis and performance analysis, we prove that our scheme can achieve confidentiality, decryption security, integrity, unforgeability and batch verification security and makes significant improvements in computation and communication overheads.
出处
《密码学报》
CSCD
2017年第2期114-132,共19页
Journal of Cryptologic Research
基金
国家自然科学基金(61102056,61201132,61402351)
关键词
智能电网
多维数据聚合
多级网络
同态加密
smart grid
multidimensional data aggregation
multilevel network
homomorphic encryption
