摘要
在优胜劣汰的自然法则下,生物体通过进化实现了对自然环境最大程度的适应性.向自然界生物体学习,研究其表面独特的结构和特异性功能已成为近年来研发新型材料的重要途径之一.其中,结构化仿生表面是复合材料的重要组成部分,已广泛应用于生物工程、航空航天、现代医学、国防、新能源器件及日常生活中.激光法制备结构化仿生表面是以工程仿生学为基础,采用不同激光光源加工样品表面来形成不同表面结构并实现特定性能的技术.本文主要总结了近期国内外激光结构化仿生加工领域的进展,探讨激光加工的结构化仿生表面在减黏降阻及超疏水等方面的应用,并对今后的工作进行展望.
In natural selection,'survival of the fittest'is the prevailing mechanism where organisms have constantly been evolving to adapt themselves to their surroundings.Over billions of years,this evolution process has led to the amazing diversity of biological surfaces with distinctive hierarchical structures and functionality in different organisms.Naturally,these unique surfaces are one of the key reasons that creatures can adequately live in their environment.Learning from these animals and plants would be a judicious idea to design and synthesize new materials with desired properties and functions.A famous example of such attempts was Leonardo da Vinci’s keen observations on the anatomy and flight of birds to create sketches of'flying machines'based on his efforts.Ever since the mid-1950 s,researchers have been seriously thinking to study the unique structure of biological surfaces at micro/nano scale level to elucidate the underlying mechanism and establish the structure-function relationship of these surfaces in organisms.This has led to the birth of the new science,biomimetics,where people imitate natural models,systems,and elements to solve complex human problems.In recent years,biomimetic has become one of the most crucial approaches in developing new functional materials with a range of applications in areas such as optics,locomotion,construction,architecture,etc.As an important branch of the science,structured biomimetic surfaces have attracted considerable interests in recent years and they have already been applied in various fields ranging from bioengineering,aeronautics/astronautics,modern medicine,national defense,renewable energy to human daily life.For instance,structured biomimetic surfaces can significantly reduce friction,save energy,improve work efficiency and help to reduce the associated environmental pollution with burning extra fossil fuels.Therefore,the fabrication of structured biomimetic surface has gradually become a hot topic in many scientific and engineering subjects.Structured biomimetic surfaces can be fabricated by many methods including electrodeposition,template method,etching,electrostatic spraying,brazing and so on.Due to its advantages of high selectivity,precise control,good reproducibility and negligible pollution,laser fabrication has emerged as an important method for preparing structured biomimetic surfaces.As a kind of non-contact manufacturing process,laser fabrication has shown great potential in mimicking nature and direct laser writing technology has been widely used to fabricate surface with tunable wettability by using nanosecond laser,picosecond laser or femtosecond laser.The periodicities and the patterns of the surface can be a function of the laser parameters including the number of laser beams,the polarization,the angle of incidence and the laser intensity.Consequently,laser fabrication of structured biomimetic surfaces has been able to render uniquely structured surfaces with micro-or nano-sized roughness and hierarchical structures for distinctive functionalities via different laser sources.The current report summarizes the recent progress in laser fabrication of structured biomimetic surfaces and discusses their applications in topics of adhesion/resistance reduction,superhydrophobicity,optics and so on.As we are only in the beginning era of biomimetic technology and applications,it is expected that scientists would continue creating more and more functional biological surfaces in the future,where laser fabrication is believed to an important role therein.
作者
韩雨洋
张志攀
曲良体
Yuyang Han;Zhipan Zhang;Liangti Qu(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《科学通报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第12期1238-1253,共16页
Chinese Science Bulletin
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(2017YFB1104300)
国家自然科学基金(21774015
21671020
51673026)
北京市自然科学基金(2172049)
北京市科学技术委员会石墨烯科技创新专项(z161100002116022
z161100002116029)资助
关键词
结构化仿生表面
激光加工
减黏降阻
超疏水
structured biomimetic surface
laser fabrication
adhesion/resistance reduction
superhydrophobicity
作者简介
联系人:张志攀,E-mail:zhipan@bit.edu.cn;联系人:曲良体,E-mail:lqu@bit.edu.cn
