摘要
采用河南农业大学设计制造的电热式温湿度自控烤烟箱 ,对烟叶烘烤过程中环境湿度对淀粉代谢的影响进行了研究。结果表明 ,低湿变黄处理的前期淀粉降解和烟叶水分散失速度最快 ,量最大 ,高湿条件下最小 ;低湿比CK的降解时间长 ,烤后烟叶淀粉残留量分别为高湿 >低湿 >CK。烟叶水分降低到 5 0 %左右时淀粉降解变缓 ,含量趋于稳定 ;淀粉的降解速度和烟叶水分的降低速度不同步。变黄期湿度快速降低处理 ,烟叶内淀粉降解较快 ,到后期淀粉降解停滞得较早 ,湿度慢速降低处理 ,烟叶内淀粉降解较慢 ,降解持续时间后移 ,降解量较大。环境湿度较高的阶段烟叶内淀粉有着最大量和最快速度的降解 ,湿度降到 70 %以下时 ,淀粉含量趋于稳定。随着烘烤环境湿度和烟叶水分的降低 ,淀粉酶活性上升 ,迅速升高并达到高峰 ,相对湿度低于 75 %时淀粉酶活性开始降低 ,环境湿度低于 70 %后 ,依然保持较高活性 ,相对湿度 70 %～ 75 %、烟叶水分 5 0 %以上淀粉降解速度最快 。
Effect of environmental humidity and moisture content of leaves on metabolism of starch were studied by using the electric heated flue curing barn that is designed and made by Henan Agriculture University. The results indicated that speed of starch degradation and decrease of moisture in tobacco leaves treated at low humidity were most rapidly, and the content of water lost was the highest, while that was the lowest when treated at high humidity. The time of starch degradation in leaves treated at low humidity was longer than that of CK treatment. So the residue content of starch in tobacco leaves treated at different conditions was high humidity yellowing > low humidity yellowing > CK, respectively. When the moisture content in leaves was decreased to about 50%, the starch degradation became slowly and the content of starch was stable. Starch degradation and decrease of moisture in leaves was not synchronous. Starch in tobacco leaves at yellowing stage degraded more rapidly when humidity was decreased at high speed, but the degradation stopped earlier at late stage. There was a higher and largest degradation of starch during the high environmental humidity. When the humidity decreased to 70% the content of starch was stable. The activity of amylase began to decrease when humidity is below 75%. But it still kept high level of activity when the environmental humidity was below 70%.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2003年第2期155-158,共4页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家烟草专卖局资助项目 ( 982 0 2 2 )
