摘要
呼吉尔特矿区地势相对平缓,地表多有第四系覆盖层,主要有沙地、上更新统萨拉乌素组地层或全新统湖积层等地层分布,浅层地下水资源丰富,生态环境极度敏感。为快速有效识别矿区地下水富集区,研究生态环境变化趋势,利用Landsat 8 OLI遥感数据分析地表水体(SWB)、地表温度(LST)、植被盖度(VFC)、净初级生产力(NPP)指标,根据相关指数与地下水位关系,结合矿区生态特征,对地下水富集区进行提取,将12个月的水体分布进行空间叠加得到全年的水体分布区。利用LST和NPP、VFC三个指标,设置的阈值分别为VFC>30%,LST<26℃,NPP>300 g C/(m^2·a)。通过矿区实测397个水位观测点位进行拟合,提取2 m以下地下水位区域,将2 m以下区域与本次提取的地下水富集区进行空间比较,2个区域的空间重叠度达到85%。通过地下水位埋深数据验证该综合指数法可行,能够快速识别地下水空间格局并进行长期生态环境变化趋势监控。
The Hujierte mining area has a gentle terrain,and there are many Quaternary coverings on the surface,mainly including sandy land,Upper Pleistocene Sarausu Formation or Holocene lake accumulation. The shallow groundwater resources are rich and the ecological environment is extremely sensitive.In order to quickly and effectively identify the groundwater enrichment area of the mining area,the trend of ecological environment was studied. Using Landsat 8 OLI remote sensing data,surface water body( SWB),land surface temperature( LST),Vegetation fractional coverage( VFC),net primary productivity( NPP) indicators were analyzed.According to the relationship between relevant index and groundwater level,combined with the ecological characteristics of the mining area,the groundwater enrichment area was extracted,and the 12-month water area was spatially superimposed to obtain a water area throughout the year.Using the three indicators of LST,NPP,and VFC,the thresholds are VFC>30%,LST<26 ℃,and NPP >300 g C/( m^2·a),respectively.Through the 397 water level observation point measured in the mining area,the groundwater level area less than 2 m is extracted,and the area less than 2 m is compared with the groundwater enrichment area extracted this time.The spatial overlap degree of the two areas reaches 85%. The comprehensive index method is validated by the groundwater depth data,which can quickly identify the groundwater spatial pattern and monitor the long-term ecological environment change trend.
作者
寇许
KOU Xu(CCTEG Beijing Huayu Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100120,China)
出处
《洁净煤技术》
CAS
2018年第S1期33-36,共4页
Clean Coal Technology
基金
环保竣工验收科研专项资助项目(ZMHY-JZX<2017>-346)
作者简介
寇许(1981—),男,四川南充人,高级工程师,硕士,从事遥感、矿区生态环境评价、矿区生态修复研究。E-mail:hyhbs@qq.com.
