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VHF超视距多模耦合传播机理研究

Study on the multi-mode coupling propagation mechanism of VHF BLoS Links
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摘要 VHF频段(30~300 MHz)超视距电波传播主要包含电离层体散射或面散射(含流星余迹)、对流层体散射或面散射,以及地形地物衍射3种媒质模式。当前主要是针对单一媒质传播模式独立开展传播计算、信道建模、链路分析等相关研究。事实上,电离层、对流层存在多种折射率梯度结构不规则体,使得电离层、对流层超视距链路均存在折射、反射、散射、衍射以及连续媒质传播5种传播模式。同时,电离层、对流层不规则体折射率梯度结构的时空随机演化,导致电离层、对流层的层内与层间传播模式相互耦合,共同作用于实际传输链路,此时基于单一媒质传播模式的VHF超视距链路电波传播计算方法,难以有效指导工程计算分析。本文从电离层、对流层折射率梯度结构基本属性出发,分析了电离层、对流层5种传播模式的适用条件,提出了VHF超视距多模耦合传播计算方法。针对单一媒质、模式、效应难以有效解释的VHF超视距链路观测现象,基于折射率梯度结构的链路损耗计算方法阐明了VHF超视距多模耦合传播机制,初步证实了多模耦合传播机理的应用价值。 Very high frequency(VHF,30–300 MHz)beyond-line-of-sight(BLoS)radio propagation primarily involves three medium-based modes:ionospheric volume or surface scattering(including meteor trails),tropospheric volume or surface scattering,and terrain diffraction.Current research predominantly focuses on individual propagation modes independently,addressing propagation calculations,channel modeling,and link analysis,In fact,irregular structures with diverse refractivity gradients exist in both the ionosphere and troposphere,enabling five propagation mechanisms for BLoS links:refraction,reflection,scattering,diffraction,and continuous medium propagation.Simultaneously,spatiotemporal random evolution of refractivity gradient structures in ionospheric and tropospheric irregularities leads to coupling between intra-layer and inter-layer propagation modes,collectively influencing actual transmission links.Conventional calculation methods based on single-medium propagation modes are inadequate for guiding engineering computation and analysis effectively.This paper begins with the fundamental properties of refractivity gradient structures in the ionosphere and troposphere,analyzes the applicability of the five propagation mechanisms,and proposes a multi-mode coupled propagation calculation method for VHF BLoS links.For observed VHF BLoS phenomena inadequately explained by single-medium,single-mode,or single-effect models,a link loss calculation method based on refractivity gradient structures elucidates the mechanism of multi-mode coupled propagation,and has preliminarily demonstrated practical values.
作者 李国军 弓树宏 于全 LI Guojun;GONG Shuhong;YU Quan(The Lab of BLoS Reliable Information Transmission,Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Chongqing 400065,China;School of Physics,Xidian University,Xi’an 710071,China;Information Support Force,Beijing 100141,China)
出处 《电波科学学报》 北大核心 2025年第4期611-627,共17页 Chinese Journal of Radio Science
基金 国家自然科学基金重点项目(U22A2006) 重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTB2023NSCQ-LZX0082) 科技委基础加强重点项目(2022-173-SD-1) 国家重点研发计划“社会治理与智慧社会科技支撑(平安中国)”重点专项(2022YFC3301300)。
关键词 超短波 超视距传播 对流层-电离层-地形地物 多模耦合 链路分析 very high frequency(VHF) beyond-line-of-sight(BLoS)propagation troposphere-ionosphere-terrain features multi-mode coupling link analysis
作者简介 李国军(1978-),男,四川人,博士,重庆邮电大学电子科学与工程学院教授、博导,重庆邮电大学超视距可信信息传输研究所所长,研究方向为极端环境超视距无线通信与网络。E-mail:ligj@cqupt.edu.cn;通信作者:弓树宏(1978-),男,山西人,博士,西安电子科技大学物理学院教授、博导,研究方向为近地空间传播环境特性建模,电磁波在复杂环境产生的传输、散射效应及其对无线电子系统的影响,近地空间环境信道建模。E-mail:shgong@xidian.edu.cn;于全(1965-),男,江西人,中国工程院院士,军事科学院研究员,信息系统安全重点实验室主任,研究方向包括战术通信、空间信息网络、无线自组织网络等。E-mail:yuquan61@qq.com。
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