摘要
研究目的:隧道的裂隙涌水往往集中于洞身断裂带、裂隙带、岩性分界、土石界面、沟谷两侧等特殊地段,由于集中出水段落的难以确定,隧道涌水量预测与施工开挖揭示往往差异较大。针对施工期间隧道洞身集中出水段水量预测问题,首先充分利用弹性波反射法、瞬变电磁获取的物性差异实现掌子面前方60~100m范围内的富水段落及特征的确定,在分析评价隧道地下水位、水压等水文地质条件基础上,应用地下水动力学法开展掌子面前方100m隧道涌水量预测。研究结论:(1)以某砂板岩隧道通过区域逆断层为例,通过水文地质分析确定了逆断层下盘及核部存在集中出水风险,该段地下水位埋深460m,以中等富水为主,反演渗透系数为0.1~0.3m/d;(2)依据弹性波反射法和瞬变电磁确定掌子面前方27m范围内为集中出水段落;(3)采用大岛志洋、古德曼等理论公式对掌子面前方27 m最大涌水量进行预测,预测最大涌水量为4017~4724 m^(3)/d,实际开挖总水量在3480~5280 m^(3)/d之间波动;(4)相关计算成果可为隧道突涌水处置提供支撑。
Research purposes:Tunnel fissure water inrush is often concentrated in special sections such as fracture zones,fissure zones,lithological boundaries,soil-rock interfaces,and valley flanks.Due to the difficulty in identifying concentrated water inflow sections,there are significant discrepancies between predicted tunnel water inflow and actual conditions revealed during construction.To address the prediction of water inflow in concentrated water inflow sections during tunnel construction,this study first utilizes the elastic wave reflection method and the transient electromagnetic method to determine water-rich sections and their characteristics within 60~100 m ahead of the tunnel face based on physical property differences.Building on the analysis and evaluation of hydrogeological conditions such as groundwater level and water pressure,the groundwater dynamics method is applied to predict water inflow in the 100 m ahead of the tunnel face.Research conclusions:(1)Taking a sand-slate tunnel passing through a regional reverse fault as an example,hydrogeological analysis identified concentrated water inflow risks in the lower plate and core of the reverse fault.The groundwater depth in this section is 460 m,with moderate water richness,and the inverted permeability coefficient ranges from 0.1 to 0.3 m/d.(2)The elastic wave reflection method and transient electromagnetic method confirmed a 27 m concentrated water inflow section ahead of the tunnel face.(3)Theoretical formulas,such as Oshima Shiyou and Goodman,were used to predict the maximum water inflow in the 27 m section ahead.The predicted maximum water inflow was 4017~4724 m^(3)/d,while the actual total inflow during excavation fluctuated between 3480 m^(3)/d and 5280 m^(3)/d.(4)The calculated results can provide support for tunnel water inrush control measures.
作者
张晓宇
赵晓彦
杜世回
赵文
田振宇
李其帅
杨青
ZHANG Xiaoyu;ZHAO Xiaoyan;DU Shihui;ZHAO Wen;TIAN Zhenyu;LI Qishuai;YANG Qing(Southwestern Jiaotong University,Chengdu,Sichuan 611756,China;China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.Ltd,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710043,China;Lanzhou-Xinjiang Railway Gan-Qing Co.Ltd,Lanzhou,Gansu 730099,China)
出处
《铁道工程学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期78-81,104,共5页
Journal of Railway Engineering Society
关键词
隧道工程
超前探测
弹性波反射法
瞬变电磁
集中出水段
涌水量预测
tunnel engineering
advanced geological prospecting
elastic wave reflection method
transient electromagnetic
concentrated water discharge zone
water inflow prediction
作者简介
张晓宇,1982年出生,男,正高级工程师。
