摘要
目的 分析四川省毗河供水工程沿线居民血吸虫病健康教育干预效果,为毗河供水工程沿线血吸虫病防控及监测工作提供科学参考。方法 2023年4至10月,随机选取毗河供水工程流经的成都市青白江区和资阳市乐至县,在每个县(区)随机选择1个供水工程流经的血吸虫病非流行乡镇作为调查点,每个乡镇调查成年居民不少于100名。使用Stata 15.0软件进行数据的统计分析。采用均数±标准差表示计量资料,组间比较采用独立样本t检验;计数资料采用n(%)表示,组间比较采用卡方检验;双侧检验,α=0.05。结果 共回收420份有效问卷,其中基线调查(干预前)224份,干预后调查196份。居民平均年龄(56.79±13.39)岁;男性181名(43.1%),女性239名(56.9%)。基线调查居民血防知识知晓率15.6%,干预后知晓率为96.9%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=227.885,P<0.001);基线调查居民血防健康行为形成率为50.9%,干预后血防健康行为形成率为98.0%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=117.098,P<0.001);基线调查居民血防信念平均得分为(4.08±0.61)分,干预后平均得分为(5.35±0.67)分,差异有统计学意义(t=20.434,P<0.001);基线调查居民自我效能平均得分为(8.94±3.55)分,干预后平均得分为(13.86±3.38)分,差异有统计学意义(t=14.410,P<0.001)。居民中健康行为形成者的血防知识知晓率、血防信念平均得分和自我效能平均得分均高于健康行为未形成者。结论 通过有针对性的健康干预方案的实施,毗河供水工程沿线居民的血吸虫病知识知晓率和健康行为形成率均有显著提升,应持续加强毗河供水工程沿线居民的血吸虫健康教育工作,并对文化水平较低的人群加以关注。
Objective To analyze the effect of health education intervention on schistosomiasis among residents along the Pihe Water Supply Project,and to provide scientific reference for schistosomiasis prevention,control and monitoring along the Pihe Water Supply Project.Methods From April to October 2023,Qingbaijiang District of Chengdu City and Lezhi County of Ziyang City,where the Bihe Water Supply Project flowed through,were randomly selected.Within cach selected county,one non-epidemic schistosomiasis township that was traversed by the Pihe Water Supply Project was randomly chosen as a survey site.At each survey site,no less than 100 adult residentswere surveyed.Stata 15.0 software was used for statistical analysis'of the data.Measurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation,and independent samples t test was used for inter-group comparisons.Categorical data were presented as n(%),and Chi-square test was used for inter-group comparisons.A two-tailed test was applied with a significance level ofα=0.05.Results A total of 420 valid questionnaires were collected,including 224 baseline surveys(before the intervention)and 196 post-intervention surveys.The average age of the participants was(56.79±13.9)years old,with 181 males(43.1%)and 239 females(56.9%).The awareness rate of schistosomiasis prevention knowledge among residents in the baselinesurvey was15.6%,whereas the post-intervention awarenesss rate increased to 96.9%,showingg a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=227.885,P<0.001).The formation rate of health behaviors related to schistosomiasis prevention at baseline was 50.9%,which rose to 98.0%after the intervention,also demonstrating a statistically significant difference(χ^(2)=117.098,P<0.001).Regarding schistosomiasis prevention beliefs,the average score of residents in the baseline survey was(4.08±0.61),which improved to(5.35±0.67)after the intervention,and the difference was statistically significant(t=20.434,P<0.001).Additionally,selfefficacy scores averaged at(8.94±3.55)during the baseline assessment and increased to(13.86±3.38)after the intervention,with statistical significance(t=14.410,P<0.001).Residents with healthy behavior formation exhibited higher awareness rates of schistosomiasis prevention knowledge,higher average scores of schistosomiasis prevention beliefs,and higher self-efficacy scores compared to those without healthy behavior formation.Conclusions Through the implementation of targeted health intervention programs,the awareness rate of schistosomiasis prevention knowledge and the rate of health behavior formation of residents along the Pihe Water Supply Project had significantly improved.It is essential to continue strengthening health education efforts regarding schistosomiasis for residents along the Pihe Water Supply Project,with particular attention given to populations with lower educational levels.
作者
张宇
蒙先洪
蒲晨
曾兰
刘阳
ZHANG Yu;MENG Xianhong;PU Chen;ZENG Lan;LIU Yang(Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu 61000,Sichuan Province,China)
出处
《寄生虫病与感染性疾病》
2025年第3期160-164,170,共6页
Parasitoses and Infectious Diseases
基金
四川省科技计划重点研发项目(项目编号:2022YFS0299)。
关键词
毗河供水工程
血吸虫病
健康教育
潜在流行区
thte Pihe Water Supply Project
schistosomiasis
health education
potential endemic areas
作者简介
张宇(1989-),男,硕士,主管医师,流行病与卫生统计学;通信作者:刘阳,E-mail:liuyangcdc@163.com。
