摘要
覆冰现象在电力系统中易引发安全故障,超疏水涂层虽然在防冰方面得到广泛应用,但在覆冰后的防冰和主动除冰能力上存在明显不足。针对该问题,通过引入光热转换材料,开发一种新型的光热超疏水防冰涂层。在改性SiO_(2)分散液中加入光热材料Fe3O4,制备得到的Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)复合粒子,在保留涂层浸润特性条件下,显著提高了防冰和除冰能力。测试结果表明,制得涂层表面接触角达到158.0°,滚动角小于3°,具有较好的防浸润特性。在无光照条件下,涂层的覆冰时间较传统材料表面延长了2.71~8.17倍,在光照条件下,涂层在1000 s内未出现结冰现象。光热融冰试验表明,制得涂层的光热融冰能力至多缩短65.83%。此外,耐候性试验表明,经过高温作用、循环覆冰和磨损后,该涂层仍可保持其防浸润特性与防冰能力。研究成果可以为电力系统提供一种高效、可靠的防冰解决方案。
Icing poses a critical safety threat to electrical power systems under harsh weather conditions where the ice accumulation on transmission lines and equipment can lead to mechanical failure,power outages,and increased maintenance costs.Although traditional superhydrophobic coatings have demonstrated effectiveness in passive anti-icing applications,their performance in active de-icing remains inadequate,particularly after ice formation.To address these limitations,this study proposes a novel photothermal superhydrophobic coating that incorporates Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)composite particles to enhance both anti-icing and de-icing capabilities.This innovative coating combines passive water-repellence with active solar-driven de-icing,thereby offering a comprehensive solution to icing challenges in outdoor power systems.The coating was developed by integrating Fe_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles,which is a cost-effective photothermal material,into a modified SiO_(2)dispersion.The resulting Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)composite particles were applied on to pre-treated glass substrates via spray coating or dip coating,followed by curing at 80°C.The Fe_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles were selected for their strong solar absorption and efficient light-to-heat conversion,which enabled rapid de-icing under sunlight.The low-temperature preparation process ensures scalability and economic feasibility for industrial applications.The performance of the coating was evaluated systematically using a series of tests.The measurements of the water contact angle(WCA)and rolling angle(RA)confirmed its superhydrophobic nature,with a WCA exceeding 158°and an RA below 3°.These results indicate excellent water-repellence,which reduces the likelihood of ice nucleation on the surface.Under no-light conditions,the coating extended the time required for ice formation by 2.71 to 8.17 times compared to that when using traditional materials.In the presence of sunlight,the coating completely prevented ice formation for up to 1,000 s.Photothermal de-icing tests further highlighted the efficacy of the coating,with de-icing times reduced by up to 65.83%,thereby outperforming conventional anti-icing coatings.Durability tests under extreme conditions validated the robustness of the coating for long-term outdoor use.The superhydrophobic and anti-icing properties were retained after thermal cycling,mechanical abrasion,and multiple icing-de-icing cycles,demonstrating excellent resistance to environmental degradation.In addition,prolonged UV exposure did not impair the structural integrity or functional performance of the coating.These results underscore the potential of the coating for deployment in harsh weather environments.The innovation of this study lies in the strategic use of Fe_(3)O_(4)nanoparticles as a photothermal agent.Compared to expensive alternatives such as graphene and carbon nanotubes,Fe_(3)O_(4)is not only cost-effective but also readily available,which makes it an attractive choice for large-scale applications.Furthermore,the simplified preparation process eliminates the need for complex microstructure design or high-temperature curing,addressing common barriers to the industrial adoption of advanced coatings.The Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)composite coating offers a unique combination of passive and active ice mitigation.The high contact angle and low rolling angle ensure that water droplets easily roll off the surface,thereby minimizing ice adhesion.Simultaneously,the photothermal effect actively melts existing ice,facilitating de-icing even under challenging conditions.This dual functionality significantly enhances operational reliability for power systems,reducing maintenance downtime and the risk of equipment failure caused by icing.In addition to its functional performance,the coating demonstrates strong mechanical and chemical stabilities,which are critical for enduring repeated exposure to environmental stressors.The ability to maintain performance after repeated abrasion and thermal cycling positions it as a durable solution for real-world applications.In conclusion,the Fe_(3)O_(4)@SiO_(2)photothermal superhydrophobic coating developed in this study represents a significant advancement in anti-icing and de-icing technologies.This research provides a practical approach to mitigating icing issues in outdoor electrical power systems by addressing the limitations of traditional coatings and introducing a cost-effective,scalable,and durable solution.The excellent performance of the coating under both passive and active conditions,combined with its robustness and economic feasibility,makes it a promising candidate for widespread implementation in regions prone to severe icing.Future work focuses on optimizing the preparation process of the coating and exploring its potential applications in other industries,such as transportation and renewable energy systems,where icing poses similar challenges.
作者
谢雨龙
李黎
罗超月岭
谢毅
陈俊武
XIE Yulong;LI Li;LUO Chaoyueling;XIE Yi;CHEN Junwu(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Huazhong University of Science&Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)
出处
《中国表面工程》
北大核心
2025年第4期255-265,共11页
China Surface Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(U24B2094)。
作者简介
谢雨龙,男,2000年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为超疏水材料。E-mail:695481273@qq.com;通信作者:李黎,男,1976年出生,博士,研究员,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为超疏水材料。E-mail:leeli@hust.edu.cn。
