摘要
为解决中小型生物质颗粒热风炉存在的燃烧率低、热效率不高等问题,研发了燃烧率、热效率高、排放达标的大型生物质颗粒热风炉,本文分析了其结构,并总结了产品熟化定型过程与推广应用情况,旨在推动其广泛应用。其是一种以生物质颗粒为燃料的热能设备,结构主要包括供料系统、燃烧系统、热交换系统、控制系统和排烟系统等。采用变量供料、逆流沸腾燃烧方式燃烧、链板蠕动密闭清灰等技术,解决了生物质颗粒燃烧不充分、颗粒物排放超标等问题,有效提高了燃烧率;基于流体动力学(CFD)流场仿真的切线旋流式配风结构设计的热能交换系统,解决了气体流动阻力大、热效率低等问题,热风炉循环烟道阻力小、热交换面积大、热效率高;采用PLC核心控制器、高精度的温度、压力、氧气含量等传感器、高效的智能算法,实现了供料速度、燃烧和空气流量的精确控制。所研制的大型生物质颗粒热风炉具有燃烧率、热效率高,循环烟道阻力小,热交换面积大等优势,经安徽省农业机械试验鉴定站检测,二氧化硫、氮氧化物、颗粒物等指标符合相关标准要求。该产品在20多个省市得到应用,取得了良好的经济和社会效益,为大型生物质颗粒热风炉装备研发及产业化提供了参考。
To address the issue of low combustion rate and low thermal efficiency existing in small and medium-sized biomass pellet hot blast stove,large-scale biomass pellet hot blast stove with high combustion rate,thermal efficiency and emission compliance have been developed.This paper analyzes their structure and summarizes the product maturation and shaping process as well as the promotion and application situation,aiming to promote their wide application.It is a thermal energy equipment that uses biomass pellets as fuel.Its structure mainly includes the feeding system,combustion system,heat exchange system,control system and smoke exhaust system,etc.By adopting technologies such as variable feeding,counter-current boiling combustion,and chain plate peristaltic closed ash cleaning,problems like incomplete combustion of biomass pellets and excessive particulate matter emissions have been solved,effectively enhancing the combustion rate.The thermal energy exchange system designed based on the tangential swirl air distribution structure of fluid dynamics(CFD)flow field simulation has solved the problems of high gas flow resistance and low thermal efficiency.It features low resistance in the circulating flue of the hot blast stove,large heat exchange area and high thermal efficiency.By adopting a PLC core controller,high-precision sensors for temperature,pressure,oxygen content,etc.,and efficient intelligent algorithms,precise control of feeding speed,combustion and air flow has been achieved.The large-scale biomass pellet hot blast stove developed has advantages such as high combustion rate and thermal efficiency,low resistance of the circulating flue,and large heat exchange area.After being tested by the Anhui Provincial Agricultural Machinery Test and Appraisal Station,the indicators of sulfur dioxide,nitrogen oxides,and particulate matter meet the relevant standard requirements.This product has been applied in over 20 provinces and cities,achieving good economic and social benefits,and providing a reference for the research and development and industrialization of large-scale biomass pellet hot blast stove equipment.
作者
曹成茂
杨锴
孙燕
CAO Chengmao;YANG Kai;SUN Yan(Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Anhui Jinshang Machinery Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Jinzhai 237321,China)
出处
《安徽农学通报》
2025年第17期1-5,共5页
Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
安徽省农业竞争力提升科技行动项目(AHSJXY202034060014)
安徽省高校自然科学研究重点项目(KJ2019A0172)。
关键词
生物质颗粒
热风炉
粮食烘干机
能源利用
biomass pellets
hot blast stove
grain dryer
energy utilization
作者简介
曹成茂(1964—),男,安徽六安人,博士,教授,从事智能检测与控制、特色经济作物机械化装备等研究。
