摘要
[目的]探究景观格局对赣南地区小流域水源涵养量的影响,为该地区小流域景观格局优化和水资源管理提供科学依据。[方法]以赣南地区1030个小流域为研究对象,通过InVEST模型计算各小流域的水源涵养量,运用Fragstats 4.3软件,获取林地覆盖度(FCR)、斑块数量(NP)、边界密度(ED)、平均斑块面积(AREA_MN)、景观空间负荷对比指数(LCI)、蔓延度指数(CONTAG)、香农多样性指标(SHDI)等景观格局指数,采用Pearson相关系数法、响应面分析法分析小流域景观指数对水源涵养量的影响。[结果]①景观格局指数中,FCR,AREA_MN和CONTAG与水源涵养量呈极显著正相关关系(p<0.01),LCI、NP,ED和SHDI与水源涵养量呈极显著负相关关系(p<0.01)。②根据水源涵养量对FCR和LCI的响应曲面,当LCI<0.218,FCR>80.65%时,小流域的水源涵养量随着FCR的增加和LCI的减小而缓慢提升;当LCI>0.272,FCR<58.82%时,小流域的水源涵养量随着FCR的增加和LCI的减小显著增长。③在降水净输入量低(463~607 mm),地形指数高(19~24)的小流域类型和降水净输入量适中(607~751 mm)且地形指数低(12~19)的小流域类型中,水源涵养量对FCR和LCI的响应较弱。[结论]通过调整林地占比和景观空间负荷对比指数,可提升小流域水源涵养量,但提升幅度与小流域的地形和降水条件密切相关。
[Objective]The impacts of landscape patterns on the water conservation capacity of small watersheds in the southern Jiangxi Province were explored to provide a scientific basis for optimizing these patterns and thereby managing water resources.[Methods]The water conservation capacity of 1030 small watersheds in the study area was calculated using the InVEST model.Fragstats 4.3 software was used to obtain landscape pattern indices,such as forest cover ratio(FCR),number of patches(NP),edge density(ED),mean patch area(AREA_MN),landscape cumulative index(LCI),contagion index(CONTAG),and Shannon diversity index(SHDI).Pearson correlation coefficients and the response surface analysis method were adopted to analyze how the landscape indices of small watersheds influenced their water conservation capacity.[Results]①Among the landscape pattern indices,FCR,AREA_MN,and CONTAG showed highly significant positive correlations with water conservation capacity(p<0.001),whereas LCI,NP,ED,and SHDI showed highly significant negative correlations(p<0.001).②According to the response surface of water conservation capacity to FCR and LCI,when LCI<0.218 and FCR>80.65%,water conservation capacity increased slowly with increasing FCR and decreasing LCI;when LCI>0.272 and FCR<58.82%,water conservation capacity increased significantly with increasing FCR and decreasing LCI.③In small watersheds with low net precipitation input(463—607 mm)and high terrain index(19—24),and in those with moderate net precipitation input(607—751 mm)and low terrain index(12—19),water conservation capacity showed only weak response to FCR and LCI.[Conclusion]By adjusting forest cover ratio and landscape cumulative index,the water conservation capacity of small watersheds can be improved.However,the improvement range is closely related to the terrain and precipitation conditions of small watersheds.
作者
张敏
汤崇军
伍冰晨
常婷婷
Zhang Min;Tangchong Jun;Wu Bingchen;Chang Tingting(Jiangxi Academy of Water Science and Engineering,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330029,China;College of Agricultural Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210098,China;Jiangxi Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Water Engineering in Poyang Lake Basin,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330029,China;Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Watershed Soil and Water Conservation,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330029,China)
出处
《水土保持通报》
北大核心
2025年第4期413-424,共12页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
江西省技术创新引导类计划项目“赣南水土保持生态治理技术模式优化集成与生态系统服务响应”(2022KSG01010)。
关键词
水源涵养功能
景观格局
小流域
赣南地区
InVEST模型
water conservation function
landscape pattern
small watershed
southern Jiangxi Provine
InVEST model
作者简介
第一作者:张敏(2000-),女(汉族),江苏省南通市人,硕士研究生,研究方向为农业环境与农村生态。Email:3509141970@qq.com;通信作者:汤崇军(1976-),男(汉族),江西省赣州市人,博士,正高级工程师,主要从事水土保持方面的研究。Email:tangchongjun@126.com。
