摘要
为提升由大量薄壁结构组成的车身耐撞性与轻量化水平,创新性提出一种车用新型功能梯度变截面变壁厚(简称“双功能梯度”)薄壁结构,以薄壁圆管为例,构建了双功能梯度圆管参数化几何模型,建立了其轴向及斜向多角度压溃有限元模型并进行了试验验证,以此为基础,研究了其结构参数(上、下端面管径差,上、下端面壁厚差,管径梯度指数及壁厚梯度指数)对其多角度压溃耐撞吸能特性作用规律,以上述结构参数为设计变量,以多角度压溃综合比吸能(SEA_(θ))最大、最大峰值压溃力(PCF_(0))最小为设计响应及优化目标,结合最优拉丁超立方试验设计、二阶响应面代理模型及NSGA-Ⅱ优化算法,对其进行了耐撞性多目标优化设计及验证。结果表明:双功能梯度圆管优化前后SEA_(θ)增大了24.07%,同时PCF_(0)降低了8.01%,取得了良好的耐撞性多目标优化效果,为提升车身安全与轻量化水平提供了一种新结构与新方法。
To improve the crashworthiness and lightweight level of the vehicle body composed of many thin-walled structures,this paper proposes a novel type of functionally-graded variable section and wall thickness(referred to as“double-functionally graded”)thin-walled structure for vehicles.Taking the thin-walled circular tube as an example,the finite element models of the double-functionally graded circular tube(D-FGCT)under axial and oblique multi-angle crushing are built and experimentally verified.Then,the effects of D-FGCT structural parameters(tube radius difference between the upper and lower end surfaces,tube wall thickness difference between the upper and lower end surfaces,gradient index of tube radius,and gradient index of tube wall thickness)on its crashworthiness and energy absorption characteristics under multi-angle crushing are analyzed.Taking the above structural parameters as design variables,and maximizing the comprehensive specific energy absorption(SEA_(θ))and minimizing the maximum peaking crushing force(PCF_(0))under multi-angle crushing loading as design responses and optimization objectives,the D-FGCT multi-objective crashworthiness is optimized using a combined method of Optimal Latin Hypercube sampling based design of experiment,quadratic response surface surrogate model and NSGA-Ⅱalgorithm,results of which are then verified.According to the outcomes,for D-FGCT,its SEA_(θ)increases by 24.07%while its PCF_(0) decreases by 8.01%,indicating a good multi-objective crashworthiness optimization effect is achieved.The research provides a new structure and a new way for improving vehicle safety and lightweight level.
作者
熊锋
张书彪
王占飞
邹喜红
张帅
徐红玉
XIONG Feng;ZHANG Shubiao;WANG Zhanfei;ZOU Xihong;ZHANG Shuai;XU Hongyu(Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology for Automobile Parts,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China;Joint International Research Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing&Control of Key Parts for Energy-efficient&New Energy Vehicles,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing,400054,China;School of Vehicle and Traffic Engineering,Henan University of Science and Technology,Luoyang 471003,China)
出处
《重庆理工大学学报(自然科学)》
北大核心
2025年第8期76-84,共9页
Journal of Chongqing University of Technology:Natural Science
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52202437)
重庆理工大学同步实施项目(2023TBZ007)
河南省科技攻关项目(242102241055)
“科创中原”汽车轻量化产学研协作创新基金项目(2024KCZY315)。
关键词
薄壁结构
变截面
变壁厚
耐撞性
多目标优化
functionally-graded
variable section and wall thickness
thin-walled structure
crashworthiness,multi-objective optimization
作者简介
熊锋,男,博士,副教授,主要从事汽车安全与轻量化研究,E-mail:xiongfeng@cqut.edu.cn;通信作者:张书彪,男,硕士,主要从事汽车安全与轻量化研究,E-mail:zhangshubiao@stu.cqut.edu.cn。
