摘要
通过分析不同花生品种(系)耐荫性,筛选耐荫鉴定指标,建立耐荫评价模型,可以为花生耐荫种质筛选和品种选育提供理论依据。本研究以50个花生品种(系)为试验材料,采用田间试验的方法,设自然光照和遮光2个处理。花生单种作为对照;遮光处理采用玉米-花生带状复合种植方式,玉米品种为MY73。在花生结荚期测定花生叶片净光合速率(X_(15))、气孔导度(X_(16))、胞间CO_(2)浓度(X_(17))和蒸腾速率(X_(18));成熟期测定主茎高(X_(1))、第一对侧枝长(X_(2))、总分枝数(X_(3))、结果枝数(X_(4)),单株果数(X_(5))、单株鲜果质量(X_(6));成熟荚果晒干后测定单株干果质量(X_(7))、单株仁质量(X_(8))、单株出仁率(X_(9)),粗脂肪含量(X_(10))、蛋白质含量(X_(11))、油酸含量(X_(12))、亚油酸含量(X_(13))、蔗糖含量(X_(14))和小区产量(X_(19))。根据遮光处理和自然光照条件下各鉴定指标的耐荫系数,采用主成分分析、隶属函数法、聚类分析和逐步回归分析等多元统计分析方法,对花生的耐荫性进行了综合评价。结果表明,通过主成分分析将19项鉴定指标转换为6个相互独立的综合指标,可代表全部数据84.238%的信息量。通过隶属函数法计算综合耐荫评价值(D),并对其进行聚类分析,将50个花生品种(系)按照耐荫性的强弱划分为3类:强耐荫类型、中度耐荫类型和不耐荫类型。通过逐步回归建立花生耐荫性评价数学模型,D=-1.688+0.381X_(7)+0.865X_(4)-0.125X_(14)+1.244X_(10)+0.120X_(2)(R^(2)=0.954,F=203.390,P=0.000),并筛选出5个鉴定指标,分别是单株干果质量、结果枝数、蔗糖含量、粗脂肪含量和第一对侧枝长。在相同处理条件下,通过测定单株干果质量、结果枝数、蔗糖含量、粗脂肪含量和第一对侧枝长5个鉴定指标,计算耐荫综合评价值可预测花生耐荫性强弱。
The main purpose of the present study is to explore the methods of shade-tolerance evaluation,analyze the shade-tolerance ability of different peanut cultivars(lines),screen suitable evaluation indicators of shade-tolerance,and establish a mathematical evaluation model of shade-tolerance,so as to provide theoretical support for screening of shade-tolerance resources and variety breeding of peanut.Fifty peanut cultivars(lines)were treated under natural light and shading conditions in a field experiment in this study.Peanut single planting was used as control,and maize-peanut strip cropping system acted as the shaded condition treatment in the field,in which the maize variety MY73 was used for the shading treatment.Net photosynthetic rate(X_(15)),stomatal conductance(X_(16)),intercellular CO_(2) concentration(X_(17))and transpiration rate(X_(18))of peanut leaves were measured at the pod-bearing stage of peanut.The main stem height(X_(1)),length of the 1st lateral branch(X_(2)),total branch number(X_(3)),fertile branch number(X_(4)),pod number per plant(X_(5)),and fresh mass of plant pod(X_(6))were measured at the peanut mature stage.The yield per plant(X_(7)),kernel mass per plant(X_(8)),kernel percentage per plant(X_(9)),crude fat content(X_(10)),protein content(X_(11)),oleic acid content(X_(12)),linoleic acid content(X_(13)),sucrose content(X_(14))and plot yield(X_(19))were measured after harvesting and drying of peanut fruit.The results indicated that the 19 individual indicators were converted into 6 independent comprehensive indicators through principal component analysis,which represent 84.238%information of the raw data of the traits related to shade-tolerance.The membership function method was employed to calculate comprehensive shade-tolerance value(D)and cluster analysis was carried out,and 50 peanut cultivars(lines)were divided into three categories as high shade-tolerance type,medium shade-tolerance type and shade-intolerance type.Finally a mathematical evaluation model for peanut shade-tolerance was established by stepwise regression analysis,D=-1.688+0.381X_7+0.865X_4-0.125X_(14)+1.244X_(10)+0.120X_(2)(R^(2)=0.954,F=203.390,P=0.000).Based on the model,five indexes closely related to the shade-tolerance,including yield per plant,fertile branch number,crude fat content,sucrose content and length of the 1st lateral branch were screened out.The comprehensive evaluation value of shade tolerance could be calculated to predict peanut shade tolerance ability by measuring the five indexes under the same conditions.
作者
王晓军
孙东雷
卞能飞
巩佳莉
王荣琪
王幸
WANG Xiao-jun;SUN Dong-lei;BIAN Neng-fei;GONG Jia-li;WANG Rong-qi;WANG Xing(Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Xuhuai Area of Jiangsu,Xuzhou 221131,China)
出处
《花生学报》
北大核心
2025年第3期293-302,319,共11页
Journal of Peanut Science
基金
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-13)
徐州市科技项目(KC23126)。
关键词
花生
耐荫性
鉴定指标
品种(系)筛选
peanut
shade-tolerance
identification indexes
varieties(lines)screening
作者简介
通信作者:王晓军(1981-),男,河南博爱人,江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所研究员,硕士,研究方向为花生遗传育种与栽培。E-mail:wangxj0516@126.com。
