摘要
针对厚煤层充填沿空留巷围岩大变形与稳定性控制难度大等问题,以某矿N3-13工作面为工程背景,综合运用理论分析、数值模拟以及现场试验的方法,揭示了厚煤层充填沿空留巷围岩变形特征及其控制难题,阐明了厚煤层“切顶+充填”沿空留巷的围岩结构演化与卸压机制,提出了合理切顶高度计算公式,并系统评估了不同切顶高度的应用效果。结果表明:厚煤层充填沿空留巷的关键技术难题在于采空区侧顶板外伸悬臂梁结构在覆岩动态载荷下的回转下沉,直接引发支护失效与围岩大变形;而“切顶+充填”协同控制机制通过定向预裂切顶主动切断外伸悬臂结构,实现采空区侧应力高效转移卸压;同时,巷旁充填体对切顶短壁梁结构提供持续性支撑,有效抑制围岩变形;二者协同促使围岩应力状态由临界转变为稳定。合理切顶高度作为控制巷道围岩稳定性的关键参数,其增加驱动实体煤帮应力峰值由“单峰”向“双峰”分布转变,显著降低围岩受力水平,并将应力集中区向煤岩体深部迁移达222.38%。经现场试验验证,预裂切顶高度增加可显著降低巷旁充填体荷载及围岩变形量,覆岩运动影响周期同步缩短。“切顶+充填”协同作用机制及合理切顶高度确定方法,为厚煤层沿空留巷围岩稳定性控制提供了技术途径。
To address the challenges of large deformation and stability control in filled gob-side entry retaining in thick coal seams,takeing the N3-13 working face as the engineering background.Integrated theoretical analysis,numerical simulation,and field experiments reveal the deformation characteristics and control challenges of surrounding rock in backfilled gob-side entries in thick coal seams.The structural evolution and pressure relief mechanism of“roof-cutting+filling”gob-side entry retaining in thick coal seams are clarified.A rational roof-cutting height formula is established,and the application effects of different cutting heights are evaluated.Results demonstrate that the key technical challenge lies in the rotational subsidence of the overhanging cantilever beam structure on the gob-side under dynamic overburden loading,directly inducing support system failure and large surrounding rock deformation.The synergistic control mechanism of“roof-cutting+filling”achieves efficient stress redistribution and relief on the goaf side by proactively severing the overhanging cantilever structure through directional pre-split roof cutting.Concurrently,the roadside filling body provides sustained support for the roof-cut short-wall beam structure,effectively suppressing surrounding rock deformation.Their synergy thus transforms the stress state of the surrounding rock from critical to stable.As the key parameter controlling entry stability,an increase in rational roof-cutting height drives the transformation of stress peak distribution in the solid coal rib from“single-peak”to“double-peak”,significantly reducing the stress level in the surrounding rock and shifting the stress concentration zone deeper into the coal-rock mass by 222.38% relative to baseline conditions.Field tests verified that increased pre-split roof-cutting height substantially reduces roadside filling load and surrounding rock deformation while synchronously shortening the impact cycle of overburden strata movement.The proposed synergistic mechanism of“roof-cutting+filling”and the rational roof-cutting height determination method provide a validated technical solution for controlling surrounding rock stability in gob-side entry retaining within thick coal seams.
作者
赵善坤
申付新
贺光会
李浩男
蒋军军
高海南
赵志军
周志斌
田宇飞
ZHAO Shankun;SHEN Fuxin;HE Guanghui;LI Haonan;JIANG Junjun;GAO Hainan;ZHAO Zhijun;ZHOU Zhibin;TIAN Yufei(China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Prevention and Control,Beijing 100013,China;School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083;Shanxi Jincheng Anthracite Coal Mining Group,Jincheng 048026,China)
出处
《煤炭科学技术》
北大核心
2025年第8期102-114,共13页
Coal Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52474230)
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2024YFC2909504)
天地科技创新创业资金专项重点资助项目(2024-TD-ZD010-01)。
关键词
厚煤层
切顶充填
沿空留巷
卸压机制
切顶高度
thick coal seams
roof cutting and roadside filling
gob-side entry retaining
pressure releasing mechanism
roof cutting height
作者简介
赵善坤(1982-),男,辽宁葫芦岛人,研究员,博士,中国煤炭科工集团首席科学家,现任顶板与冲击地压灾害防治煤炭行业重点联合实验室副主任,煤科院冲击地压团队负责人。长期从事煤岩动力灾害机理与防控技术方面的研究。先后主持和参与各类国家级课题12项及企业委托技术服务项目120余项,提出了冲击地压力构协同防控理论,主持开发了冲击地压监测预警与灾害防控系列装备11台(套),带领团队在国内首创了“冲击地压交钥匙”技术工程一体化服务模式,在国内10余个矿区进行推广应用。先后获得国家科技进步二等奖1项,省部级一等奖10项,以第一作者/通讯作者发表论文46篇(SCI/Ei检索26篇),出版专著4部,第一发明人授权发明专利21件,主持/参与制修订了12项冲击地压相关国家及行业标准,计算机软件著作权10项,获得“杰出工程师青年奖”、“中央企业优秀青年科技人才”、“煤炭青年科技奖”、“公共安全青年科技奖”、“中国产学研合作创新(个人)奖”等荣誉称号。E-mail:zhaoshankuncom@163.com。
