数字化作业现场复杂小组立焊缝识别与规划算法

Adaptive Recognition and Planning Algorithm for Complex Subassembly Workpieces Aimed at Digital Workshop Operations

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摘要 [目的]为解决船舶总装建造过程中,内业车间数字化作业现场存在的复杂小组立工件结构识别柔性差,效率低,焊接任务生成困难的痛点问题。[方法]基于机器视觉技术,结合小组立工件结构特点以及小组立焊接工艺要求,进行复杂小组立工件焊缝识别与焊接规划算法研究,实现复杂小组立工件焊缝自适应拟合与识别,筋板形状识别,并根据小组立智能焊接工艺要求进行焊接任务规划,生成符合焊接作业要求的作业信息。[结果]结果表明:面向内业车间数字化作业现场的复杂小组立焊缝自适应识别与规划算法可实现对现场复杂小组立工件焊缝自适应识别,焊接任务自适应规划,算法检出率100.00%,错检率3.75%,满足小组立智能焊接装备对视觉识别软件准确度的要求。[结论]该算法可适应船舶建造过程中内业车间环境下小组立工件随意摆放,无图纸模型输入的生产需求,为内业车间作业现场数字化转型提供有效支撑。 [Purpose]To address the challenges of poor flexibility,low efficiency,and difficulty in generating welding tasks in the digital operation environment of the interior workshop during the shipbuilding assembly process,this paper conducts research on the seam recognition and welding planning algorithms for complex subassembly workpieces based on machine vision technology.[Method]By integrating the structural characteristics of subassembly workpieces and welding process requirements,the study realizes the adaptive fitting and recognition of seams in complex subassembly workpieces,as well as the recognition of rib plate shapes.Furthermore,it performs welding task planning in accordance with the intelligent welding process requirements of the subassembly,generating operational information that meets welding operation requirements.[Result]The results show that the algorithm achieves an adaptive recognition of seams and adaptive planning of welding tasks for complex subassembly workpieces in the region,with a detection rate of 100.00%and a false detection rate of 3.75%,fully meeting the accuracy requirements for visual recognition software used in intelligent subassembly welding equipment.[Conclusion]The algorithm can effectively adapt to the arbitrary placement of subassembly workpieces and the generation of tasks without input drawings or models during the shipbuilding process.This provides effective support for the digital transformation of operations in the interior workshop.

作者于航赵亦希张然倪崇本丁金鸿杨文卿 YU Hang;ZHAO Yixi;ZHANG Ran;NI Chongben;DING Jinhong;YANG Wenqing(Shanghai Jiao Tong University,School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Jiao Tong University,State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Jiao Tong University,School of Ocean and Civil Engineering,Shanghai 200240,China;China State Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200010,China)

机构地区上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院上海交通大学海洋工程全国重点实验室上海交通大学船舶与海洋建筑工程学院中国船舶集团有限公司

出处《船舶工程》北大核心 2025年第S1期689-696,724,共9页 Ship Engineering

关键词船舶制造数字化智能制造机器视觉机器人焊接 ship building digitalization intelligent manufacturing machine vision robotic welding

分类号 U671.81 [交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]

作者简介于航(1986-),男,博士研究生、高级工程师。研究方向:船舶先进制造技术。;通信作者:倪崇本(1982-),男,博士、高级工程师。研究方向:船舶智能制造、机器视觉等。E-mail:nichongben@sjtu.edu.cn。