摘要
长江上游川渝河段暴雨洪水频繁发生,具有明显的季节性变化特征,科学合理的汛期分期,是该河段洪水资源化利用的关键。根据川渝地区逐日降雨数据和李庄、寸滩等关键水文站点流量资料,对川渝河段开展汛期分期研究,并进一步探究了长江中下游梅雨、华西秋雨与川渝河段防洪、蓄水之间的关系。结果表明:川渝河段洪水可分为3期,5月上旬至6月中旬为前汛期,6月下旬至8月下旬为主汛期,9月上旬至10月上旬为后汛期;长江中下游梅雨入梅时间集中在6月份,出梅时间集中在7月份,出梅后长江上游与中下游洪水发生遭遇的概率极小,因此长江上游大型水库群为中下游预留的防洪库容可逐步释放;华西秋雨开始于8月下旬,是造成川渝地区秋季洪水的主要原因,洪水量级和频次远小于夏季;秋雨期与后汛期同步,在确保秋汛防洪安全的前提下,应充分利用华西秋雨的洪水资源,提高水库的蓄满率。
Rainstorms and floods occur frequently in the Sichuan-Chongqing reach of the upper Changjiang River,exhibiting significant seasonal variations.Scientific and rational flood season division is crucial for the effective utilization of flood resources.In this study,we divides the flood season of the Sichuan-Chongqing reach based on daily rainfall data of this region and streamflow data from key hydrological stations such as Lizhuang and Cuntan Station.Further investigation was conducted on the relationship between the Meiyu in the middle and lower reaches of the Chanjiang River,the autumn rain in west China,and flood control and water storage in the Sichuan-Chongqing reach.The results indicate that the flood season can be divided into three phases:the early flood season from early May to mid-June,the main flood season from late June to late August,and the late flood season from early September to early October.The onset of the Meiyu is concentrated in June,while its retreat occurs mainly in July.After the end of Meiyu,the probability of concurrent flood events occurring in the upper and middle-lower Changjiang River reaches is extremely low,therefore the flood control storage capacity reserved by large upstream reservoirs can be gradually released.The autumn rain begins in late August and causes autumn floods in the Sichuan-Chongqing region,although the magnitude and frequency of these floods are significantly lower than those in summer.Since the autumn rain period coincides with the late flood season,it is crucial to ensure flood control safety while maximizing the utilization of autumn rain in west China flood resources to enhance reservoir storage levels.
作者
郭率
汪肖雅
熊丰
李妍清
肖扬帆
GUO Shuai;WANG Xiaoya;XIONG Feng;LI Yanqing;XIAO Yangfan(River Basin Complex Administration Center,China Three Gorges Corporation,Yichang 443133,China;Bureau of Hydrology,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China)
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2025年第8期1-10,26,共11页
Yangtze River
基金
中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目(0704228)
湖北省自然科学基金联合基金项目(2024AFD354)。
关键词
汛期分期
洪水资源化
华西秋雨
长江中下游梅雨
川渝河段
flood season division
flood resources
autumn rain in west China
Meiyu in the middle-lower Changjiang River
Sichuan-Chongqing reach
作者简介
郭率,男,工程师,硕士,主要从事水文学及水资源方面的研究。E-mail:guo_shuai2@ctg.com.cn;通信作者:熊丰,男,高级工程师,博士,主要从事水文学及水资源方面的研究。E-mail:fxiong07@foxmail.com。
