摘要
深层—超深层已成为油气重大发现的主要领域。近年来,深层—超深层储层油气成藏研究取得了显著进展:(1)明确了层状白云岩和断裂主导的碳酸盐岩储层是深层最重要的两类储层,白云岩储层的储集空间以浅成孔隙为主,断裂主导的碳酸盐岩储集体可分为断控、断—溶双控、断—相双控和断—相—溶三联控四种成因特征;(2)根据主成藏时期将深层油气藏分为“早期浅成—深埋型”与“晚期深成型”两类,并分别揭示了其形成条件,提出隆坳变迁和断裂活动控制了深层油气藏的物理调整;(3)阐明了温度是影响原油裂解和相态转变的最重要因素,总结了硫酸盐热还原反应(TSR)作用对储层物性的影响。针对深层超深层高温高压、多期构造改造及相态复杂的特征,未来研究需重点关注两个方面:(1)深化超深层高温高压环境下的“烃—水—岩”相互作用机制及油气—伴生资源(氦气、氢气)协同成藏研究范式;(2)推进深层油气成藏过程的精确动态恢复,构建高精度分析测试和智能化模拟技术体系,实现深层油气四维定量预测。
The deep to ultra-deep reservoirs have served as the main domains for obtaining major oil and gas discoveries.In recent years,remarkable progress has been achieved in the study of hydrocarbon accumulation in deep to ultra-deep reservoirs,which shows that:(1)The layered dolomite reservoirs and fault-controlled carbonate reservoirs are two main reservoir types in deep formations.The dolomite reservoir is dominated by epigenic pores,while fault-controlled carbonate reservoir is classif ied into four genetic types,i.e.,faultcontrolled,fault-karst controlled,fault-facies controlled,and fault-karst-facies controlled types.(2)Deep oil and gas reservoirs are classif ied into“early epigenic and deep burial”and“late hypogenic”types based on main hydrocarbon accumulation periods,and their formation conditions are clarif ied.It is pointed out that uplift-sag transition and fault activities controlled the physical adjustments of deep oil and gas reservoirs.(3)Temperature is a critical factor inf luencing oil cracking and phase transition,while TSR on reservoir physical properties are systematically summarized.Given the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions,multi-stage tectonic transformation,and complex hydrocarbon phases in deep to ultra-deep reservoirs,further study should focus on two aspects:(1)Deepen study on“hydrocarbon-water-rock”interaction mechanism in high-temperature and high-pressure environments in ultra-deep formation,and develop research model for synergistic hydrocarbon accumulation pattern with associated resources(helium,hydrogen).(2)Enhance precise dynamic restoration of hydrocarbon accumulation process,and develop high-precision laboratory test techniques and intelligent simulation system,so as to achieve four-dimensional quantitative prediction of deep oil and gas.
作者
郝芳
田金强
王广伟
王奇
许启鲁
丛富云
Hao Fang;Tian Jinqiang;Wang Guangwei;Wang Qi;Xu Qilu;Cong Fuyun(State Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;School of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China)
出处
《深地能源科技》
2025年第1期1-13,共13页
Deep Earth Energy Science & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金卓越研究群体项目(A类)“圈层相互作用与陆相油气”(42488101)。
关键词
深层油气成藏
储层发育机理
同位素定年技术
高温高压环境
多尺度数值模拟
hydrocarbon accumulation in deep formation
reservoir development mechanism
isotopic dating technique
high-temperature and high-pressure environment
multi-scale numerical simulation
作者简介
第一作者:郝芳(1964-),男,内蒙古赤峰人,博士,1995年毕业于中国地质大学(武汉),教授,中国科学院院士,现主要从事油气成藏机理和页岩油气地质方面的研究工作。地址:山东省青岛市黄岛区长江西路66号,邮政编码:266580。E-mail:haofang@upc.edu.cn。
