摘要
为评价芽孢杆菌液体发酵产生的高浓缩复杂角蛋白酶对黄羽肉鸡生产性能、消化生理及免疫器官的影响。选取健康状况良好、体重相近的22日龄黄羽肉公鸡96只,随机分4个组,对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组分别在基础饲粮中添加100、150和200 mg/kg角蛋白酶,连续饲喂42 d,探索角蛋白酶对黄羽肉鸡生长性能、养分表观代谢率、血清生化指标、屠宰性能、免疫器官指数以及肠道组织形态等方面的影响。与对照相比,22~42日龄期,3个试验组黄羽肉公鸡平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05),对饲粮中有机物、粗脂肪和能量的表观代谢率显著提高(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组料重比降低15.77%(P<0.05),黄羽肉公鸡对干物质、有机物、粗脂肪、能量4个养分的表观代谢率最高(P<0.05);在43~63日龄期,各组间生长性能和养分表观代谢率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。63日龄时,与对照相比,试验组Ⅰ、Ⅲ中黄羽肉公鸡血清总蛋白和球蛋白含量分别增加16.07%、13.23%和19.17%、17.78%(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组屠宰率提高1.03%(P<0.05),试验Ⅲ组腹脂率增加79.87%(P<0.05)。在肠道组织形态方面,与对照相比,试验Ⅰ组黄羽肉公鸡十二指肠隐窝深度降低34.15%(P<0.05),绒隐比增加72.42%(P<0.05);空肠绒毛高度增加41.07%(P<0.05),隐窝深度分别提高26.51%、24.49%、30.95%(P<0.05);试验Ⅱ组回肠隐窝深度增加52.34%,而绒隐比降低32.54%(P<0.05)。在黄羽肉鸡22~42日龄期,饲粮中添加150 mg/kg角蛋白酶,43~63日龄期添加100 mg/kg角蛋白酶,连续饲喂,能提高黄羽肉鸡的生产性能、促进养分消化吸收、增强机体免疫能力,维持肠道健康。
To evaluate the effects of highly concentrated complex keratinase produced by liquid fermentation of Bacillus sphaericus on the production performance,digestive physiology and immune organs of yellow-feathered broilers.Ninety-six 22-day-old yellow-feathered male broilers with good health and similar body weight were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups.The control group was fed a corn-soybean meal basal diet,and the experimental groupsⅠ,ⅡandⅢwere supplemented with 100 mg/kg,150 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg of keratinase in the basal diet,respectively,for 42 consecutive feeding days.Then the effects of kera-tinase on the growth performance,nutrient apparent metabolic rate,serum biochemical index,slaughter performance,immune organ index and intestinal tissue morphology of yellow-feathered broilers were investigated.At 22-42 days of age,the average daily feed intake of yellow-feathered male broilers in the three experimental groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the apparent metabolic rate of organic matter,crude fat and energy in the diet was significantly increased(P<0.05).The feed-to-weight ratio of the experimental groupⅡwas decreased by 15.77%(P<0.05),and the apparent metabolic rate of dry matter,organic matter,crude fat and energy was the highest(P>0.05).At the age of 43-63 days,there was no significant difference in growth performance and nutrient apparent metabolic rate among the groups(P>0.05).At 63 days of age,the contents of serum total protein and globulin in experimental groupsⅠandⅢwere increased by 16.07%,13.23%and 19.17%,17.78%(P<0.05),respectively.The slaughter rate of experimental groupⅡwas increased by 1.03%(P<0.05),and the abdominal fat rate of experimental groupⅢwas increased by 79.87%(P<0.05).In terms of intestinal tissue morphology,the duodenal crypt depth of yellow-feathered cocks in group I was decreased by 34.15%(P<0.05),and the villus/crypt ratio was increased by 72.42%(P<0.05).The villus height of jejunum was increased by 41.07%(P<0.05),and the crypt depth was increased by 26.51%,24.49%and 30.95%,respectively(P<0.05).The ileal crypt depth of groupⅡwas increased by 52.34%,while the villus/crypt ratio was decreased by 32.54%(P<0.05).The continuous addition of 150 mg/kg of keratinase to the feed of yellow-feathered broiler chickens from 22 to 42 days of age,followed by 100 mg/kg from 43 to 63 days of age,can improve performance,promote digestion and nutrient absorption,enhance immune function and maintain intestinal health.
作者
得力努尔·拜山别克
张健
吴芸萱
崔媛媛
布合丽切木·玉山阿吉
李凤鸣
米热古丽·伊马木
陈勇
刘建成
Delinuer Baishanbieke;ZHANG Jian;CUI Yuan-yuan;Buheliqiemu Yushanaj;LI Feng-ming;Mireguli Imamu;CHEN Yong;LIU Jian-cheng(College of Animal Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Tycoon Group Co.Ltd.,Changji 831199,China)
出处
《新疆农业大学学报》
2024年第5期373-381,共9页
Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2022B02057-3)
新疆农业大学大学生创新项目(dxscx2024213)。
关键词
角蛋白酶
黄羽肉鸡
生长性能
养分表观代谢率
血清生化指标
屠宰性能
肠道组织形态
keratinase
yellow-feathered broiler
growth performance
nutrient apparent metabolic rate
serum biochemical indices
slaughter performance
intestinal morphology
作者简介
通讯作者:刘建成,E-mail:Liujc@xjau.edu.cn。
