摘要
探明氨基酸对嫁接西瓜苗的影响,完善植物氨基酸营养理论,为氨基酸的应用提供科学依据。以西瓜早佳8424为接穗,南瓜京欣砧2号和葫芦亲抗水瓜为砧木,早佳8424自嫁接苗为对照,设置了低氮(1 mmol/L)、正常氮(7.5 mmol/L)、高氮(15 mmol/L)3个甘氨酸水平,研究了甘氨酸对嫁接西瓜苗生长、氮代谢、氮磷钾积累量的影响。结果表明:1 mmol/L甘氨酸处理时,嫁接苗生长受到抑制,其中京欣砧2号嫁接苗的生长指标优于早佳8424自嫁接苗,硝酸还原酶(NR)活性显著升高;亲抗水瓜嫁接苗的干物质积累量、壮苗指数、根冠比和谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)活性高于早佳8424自嫁接苗。7.5 mmol/L甘氨酸处理促进了嫁接苗的生长,京欣砧2号嫁接苗的生长指标显著优于早佳8424自嫁接苗,但是硝态氮与总氮含量降低,谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性升高,2种转氨酶活性降低,磷、钾积累量高于早佳8424自嫁接苗,氮同化效率上升,氮吸收效率与氮利用效率显著下降;亲抗水瓜嫁接苗的生长指标与早佳8424自嫁接苗无显著性差异,总氮含量显著下降,氮代谢酶活性、磷钾积累量、氮素利用效率变化与京欣砧2号嫁接苗一致。15 mmol/L甘氨酸处理下京欣砧2号嫁接苗与早佳8424自嫁接苗的生长受到抑制,而亲抗水瓜嫁接苗不受影响。京欣砧2号嫁接苗的茎粗、壮苗指数、根冠比较早佳8424自嫁接苗显著增加,游离氨基酸含量、氮代谢酶活性下降,氮磷钾积累量增加,氮同化效率优于早佳8424自嫁接苗;亲抗水瓜嫁接苗的株高、干重、硝酸盐含量与早佳8424自嫁接苗相比显著上升,可溶性蛋白质、总氮含量、氮代谢酶活性下降,氮磷钾积累量增加。结合相关性分析与隶属函数法综合评价,不同甘氨酸处理下亲抗水瓜嫁接苗综合性状表现突出,分别排名4、3、1,适宜作为氨基酸应用场景下的砧木。
The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of amino acids on the growth of grafted watermelon seedlings,thereby refining the theory of plant amino acid nutrition and providing a scientific foundation for the application of amino acids.The experiment utilized‘Zao Jia 8424’watermelon as the scion and‘Jing Xin No.2’pumpkin and‘Qin Kang Shui Gua’gourd as rootstocks,with self-grafted‘Zao Jia 8424’seedlings serving as a control group.Three levels of glycine supplementation were applied:low nitrogen(1 mmol/L),normal nitrogen(7.5 mmol/L)and high nitrogen(15 mmol/L).The research assessed the influence of glycine on various aspects,including the growth of grafted watermelon seedlings,nitrogen metabolism,and the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.The result revealed that under the treatment of 1 mmol/L glycine,the growth of grafted seedlings was subject to inhibition.Notably,the growth index of‘Jing xin No.2’grafted seedlings surpassed that of‘Zao jia 8424’self-grafted seedlings,accompanied by a significant elevation in nitrate reductase(NR)activity.The dry matter accumulation,seedling growth index,root-to-shoot ratio,as well as the activities of aspartate aminotransferase(GOT)and alanine aminotransferase(GPT)in the grafted seedlings were all higher in comparison to those of‘Zao jia 8424’self-grafted seedlings.Specifically,the growth index of‘Jing xin No.2’grafted seedlings exhibited a marked superiority over that of‘Zao jia 8424’self-grafted seedlings.However,this was accompanied by a decrease in the contents of nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen,an increase in glutamine synthetase(GS)activity,a reduction in the activities of the two aminotransferases,an enhanced accumulation of phosphorus and potassium relative to‘Zao jia 8424’self-grafted seedlings,an increment in nitrogen assimilation efficiency,and a significant decline in nitrogen absorption efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency.No significant differences were observed in the growth indexes between Qin kang shui gua grafted seedlings and‘Zao jia 8424’self-grafted seedlings.The total nitrogen content witnessed a significant decrease,and the variations in nitrogen metabolizing enzyme activity,phosphorus and potassium accumulation,‘Jing xin No.2’grafted seedlings.Under the condition of 15 mmol/L glycine treatment,the growth of‘Jing xin No.2’grafted seedlings and‘Zao jia 8424’self-grafted seedlings was hampered,yet the Qin kang shui gua grafted seedlings remained unaffected.In contrast to‘Zao jia 8424’self-grafted seedlings,the stem diameter,strong seedling index and root crown of‘Jing xin No.2’grafted seedlings exhibited significant increments.Concurrently,the content of free amino acids and the activities of nitrogen metabolizing enzymes decreased,the accumulation of mineral elements increased and the nitrogen assimilation efficiency was superior to that of‘Zao jia 8424’self-grafted seedlings.When compared with‘Zao jia 8424’self-grafted seedlings,the plant height,dry weight and nitrate content of the grafted seedlings were significantly enhanced,while the soluble protein,total nitrogen content and nitrogen metabolizing enzyme activities decreased.The accumulation of mineral elements increased.Through a combination of correlation analysis and comprehensive evaluation via the membership function method,the comprehensive traits of Qin kang shui gua grafted seedlings were found to be outstanding under different glycine treatments,ranking 4,3 and 1,respectively,this result suggested their high suitability as rootstocks for amino acid application.
作者
袁帅康
陈泽昊
尧甜
史涵冰
殷天航
江城
丁明
YUAN Shuai-kang;CHEN Ze-hao;YAO Tian;SHI Han-bing;YIN Tian-hang;JIANG Cheng;DINGMing(College of Horticulture,Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100;Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangling Shaanxi 712100)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
北大核心
2025年第7期30-39,共10页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
西藏自治区科技计划项目(XZ202202YD0002C)。
关键词
甘氨酸
嫁接西瓜苗
氮代谢
综合评价
glycine
grafting watermelon seedlings
nitrogen metabolism
comprehensive evaluation
作者简介
袁帅康(2000-),在读硕士研究生,研究方向为设施园艺植物生理生态。E-mail:ysk17332227729@163.com;通讯作者:丁明,E-mail:dingming@nwsuaf.edu.cn。
