摘要
考察当前美国对华政策的形成过程可以发现,美国之所以能在短时间内大幅度提升对中国的威胁感知并实现政策调整,使决策者的主观意志转化为现实的政策行动,离不开政治修辞:首先,提出以“经济安全”为核心的新国家安全观,突出中国的“经济威胁”,重新建构对双边关系内涵的叙述逻辑,营造出紧迫的政策情境;其次,重新确立政策对象的身份标签——定义中国为“修正主义大国”,是威胁美国国家安全、核心利益和价值观的“挑战者”、“对手”和“战略竞争者”,进一步巩固对华政策的基本方向;最后,通过官方话语高强度的持续干预,使“中国威胁”的含义不断扩展、影响在各领域扩散,并大力渲染采取相应政策的必要性,最终形成完整的对华政策话语体系。因此,整个政策形成过程就是决策者运用政治修辞论证政策必要性和合理性的话语过程。
This paper attempts to introduce a brand new foreign policy analytic framework,namely,rhetorical political analysis(RPA),and based on which,to carry out an investigation toward the discourse strategy of Trump Administration s China policy formation.It has been clearly demonstrated that the Trump Administration s China policy is promulgated on the basis of the decision-maker s subjective cognition of China,China-US relations as well as the so-called,if there is any,“China Threat”.According to such a partial judgment of the situation,a much more aggressive identity has been shaped for China,and therefore,the US government is able to create a high-level threat perception toward China for the Americans.From this point,it is understandable that the current US s China policy is largely shaped by Trump himself as well as other senior officials who are actually involved in the policy-making process.They made the full use of their authorized discourse resource to keep influencing and persuading the Americans that China is the top rival of their country,and it is necessary to do whatever it takes to go“toe-to-toe”with China.
出处
《复旦国际关系评论》
2019年第1期112-140,共29页
FUDAN INTERNATIONAL STUDIES REVIEW
基金
国家留学基金资助。
关键词
政治修辞
对外政策分析
话语战略
美国对华政策
Political Rhetoric
Foreign Policy Analysis
Discourse Strategy
US Policy Toward China
作者简介
岳圣淞,外交学院国际关系研究所博士研究生。
