摘要
国际贸易组织(ITO)是一个在第二次世界大战结束后未能成功建立的全球经济治理机构。ITO宪章中提出要实现“平衡与不断扩展的世界经济”,试图将贸易、发展和就业等问题统合在一个多边主义的框架下进行治理,重视各国的国内社会需求。ITO失败是因为未能把握好将国际层面的多边主义与各国国内社会目标相结合的程度,这一原因也成为后来全球贸易治理面临的主要难题。ITO短暂而意义深远的历史对当下全球贸易治理机制改革有重要的启示意义,即如何利用多边主义维护以规则为基础的自由主义国际秩序。
The International Trade Organization(ITO)was a global economic governance institution that could not be successfully established after the end of the Second World War.Havana Charter for ITO proposed to achieve a“balanced and expanding world economy”,trying to govern trade,development and employment within a multilateral framework,paying attention to the domestic social needs of countries.ITO failed because it did not afford to grasp the degree to which multilateralism at the international level was integrated with the domestic social aims of countries.The reason for its failure has also become a major problem for global trade governance.The short but meaningful history of ITO has important implications for the reform of current global trade governance institutions.Generally speaking,it is how to use multilateralism to safeguard the liberal international order based on rules.
出处
《复旦国际关系评论》
2019年第1期65-80,共16页
FUDAN INTERNATIONAL STUDIES REVIEW
关键词
《哈瓦那宪章》
全球贸易治理机制改革
多边主义
Havana Charter
Reform of Global Trade Governance Institutions
Multilateralism
