摘要
提出一种通过监测数控机床主轴电流来间接监测切削力的方法,搭建了基于数控机床主轴电流监测的石墨电极加工试验系统。采集、分析主轴电流和切削力数据;由原始信号分析得到主轴电流状态,通过取差值获得主轴电流有效信号;通过小波包分解获得重构后电流信号中的主要成分;通过时域、频域特征分析,提取与切削力相关性较强的几种电流信号特征值;研究不同切削工艺参数下主轴电流与切削力的变化规律。结果显示:主轴电流曲线与切削力曲线协调性较好,以切削厚度为变量时,主轴电流为0.10~0.45 A,对应的切削力为130~500 N;以切削速度为变量时,主轴电流为0.13~0.26 A,对应的切削力为180~205 N;以进给速度为变量时,主轴电流为0.10~0.35 A,对应的切削力为130~342 N。对信号数据进行回归分析,得到切削力与主轴电流的关系模型。
A method for indirectly monitoring cutting force by observing the spindle current of CNC machine tools has been proposed.An experimental system for machining with a graphite electrode,based on spindle current monitoring,was established.The spindle current and cutting force were collected and analyzed.The original signal was examined to determine the spindle current status,and the effective spindle current signal was obtained by calculating the difference.The main components of the reconstructed current signal were identified through wavelet packet decomposition.Several characteristic values of the current signal which exhibited a strong correlation with cutting force were extracted by using time-domain and frequency-domain feature analysis.The variations of the spindle current and the cutting force under different cutting process parameters were studied.The results indicated a strong correlation between the spindle current curve and the cutting force curve.When cutting thickness was varied,the spindle current ranged from 0.10 to 0.45 A,corresponding to a cutting force form 130 to 500 N.When cutting speed was varied,the spindle current ranged from 0.13 to 0.26 A,corresponding to a cutting force form 180 to 205 N.When feed rate was varied,the spindle current ranged from 0.10 to 0.35 A,corresponding to a cutting force form 130 to 342 N.A regression analysis of the signal data was performed to establish a relationship model between cutting force and spindle current.
作者
李士燊
张志义
陈慧琴
LI Shishen;ZHANG Zhiyi;CHEN Huiqin(School of Mechanical Engineering,Beihua University,Jilin 132021,China;Engineering Training Center,Beihua University,Jilin 132021,China)
出处
《北华大学学报(自然科学版)》
2025年第5期687-694,共8页
Journal of Beihua University(Natural Science)
关键词
石墨电极
主轴电流
切削力
间接监测
切削工艺参数
graphite electrode
spindle current
cutting force
indirect monitoring
cutting process parameters
作者简介
李士燊(1997-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事石墨电极接头加工控制系统开发研究,E-mail:lishishen97@163.com;通信作者:张志义(1968-),男,博士,教授,硕士生导师,主要从事石墨电极接头加工控制系统开发研究,E-mail:zyzhang6@163.com。
