摘要
为明确适宜机械打顶的株型特征,本研究分析了我国14个主裁烤烟品种株型特征及其机械打顶效果,解析了打顶效果与株型特征相关性,筛选到适宜机械打顶的烤烟品种。结果表明,株高、株高变异系数、茎围、叶片数、花蕾高度、上部叶长、上部叶茎叶夹角与打顶效果密切相关,以上指标可通过Logistic回归分析很好地预测打顶效果;适宜机械打顶的烤烟开花期应相对集中(现蕾期到盛花期≤8天),株型特征为:株高140~165 cm,株高变异系数小于5%,茎围8.6~11.5 cm,叶片数27~30,花蕾高度大于39.8 cm,上部叶长小于61.8 cm,上部叶茎叶夹角、披垂角分别大于29.9°、39.5°。中烟301和中烟101的株型特征可获得本研究所用打顶机的最佳打顶效果。
To clarify the plant morphological characteristics suitable for mechanical topping,this study analyzed the plant structure traits and mechanical topping performance of 14 major flue-cured tobacco varieties in China.The correlation between topping performance and plant morphological traits was examined to identify tobacco varieties suitable for mechanical topping.The results indicated that plant height,coefficient of variation in plant height,stem circumference,number of leaves,flower bud height,upper leaf length,and the angle between the upper leaves and the stem were closely associated with topping performance.These indicators could effectively predict topping performance through logistic regression analysis.For optimal mechanical topping,the flowering period should be relatively concentrated(from bud emergence to full bloom≤7 days),and the plant morphological traits should meet the following criteria:plant height ranging from 140 to 165 cm,coefficient of variation in plant height less than 5%,stem circumference between 8.6 and 11.5 cm,number of leaves between 27 and 30,flower bud height greater than 39.8 cm,upper leaf length less than 61.8 cm,and the angles between the upper leaves and the stem and the leaf droop angle greater than 29.9°and 39.5°,respectively.Among the tested varieties,Zhongyan 301 and Zhongyan 101 exhibited the best topping performance with the topping machine employed in this study.
作者
何辉
孙延国
时元鲲
王玉华
赵清海
谢庆
赵长星
肖丽霞
张彦
石屹
HE Hui;SUN Yanguo;SHI Yuankun;WANG Yuhua;ZHAO Qinghai;XIE Qing;ZHAO Changxing;XIAO Lixia;ZHANG Yan;SHI Yi(College of Agriculture,Qingdao Agricultural University/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Dryland Agriculture Technology,Qingdao 266109,China;Institute of Tobacco Research of CAAS/Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao 266101,China;China Tobacco Shandong Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Jinan 250014,China;Shandong Weifang Tobacco Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261061,Shandong,China;Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China)
出处
《中国烟草科学》
北大核心
2025年第4期1-8,共8页
Chinese Tobacco Science
基金
中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-TRIC03)
中国烟叶公司烟叶技术改进项目(3032307)
山东潍坊烟草有限公司科技项目(2022-41)。
关键词
烟草
机械打顶
品种
株型特征
tobacco
mechanical topping
varieties
plant architecture characteristics
作者简介
第一作者:何辉(1999-),男,在读硕士,主要研究领域为烟草栽培生理。E-mail:2440851539@qq.com;通信作者:孙延国(1987-),男,硕士,助理研究员,主要研究领域为烟草栽培生理。E-mail:sunyanguo@caas.cn;通信作者:张彦(1987-),女,博士,助理研究员,主要研究领域为烟草分子生理。E-mail:zhangyan03@caas.cn。
