摘要
【目的】硼是植物中不可或缺的微量元素,研究硼肥在不同土壤类型中的淋溶和吸附规律,对指导硼肥在热带地区农业生产上的应用和管理具有重要意义。【方法】选取海南地区两种代表性成土母质玄武岩和花岗岩发育土壤为对象,通过室内土柱淋溶模拟试验,分析不同形态硼肥在热区土壤中的吸附和淋失变化规律。【结果】随着淋洗次数增加,淋溶液的pH值总体上呈先上升后下降并趋于稳定的趋势,淋洗后玄武岩和花岗岩土壤的pH值分别上升0.49和下降0.51。淋溶液中电导率(EC)随淋洗次数增加而先升高后降低,两种土壤中不同硼肥处理的EC动态变化规律大致相同,淋洗后玄武岩和花岗岩土壤中EC分别提高5.53倍、6.52倍。不同硼肥淋溶液中硼浓度的变化规律为早期BPP、E-67处理较高,后期GC、GU处理较高;淋溶液中硼淋失量均逐步增加,玄武岩中硼累积淋失量的最大值和最小值分别为GC2.76mg/kg、GU1.67mg/kg,花岗岩分别为E-673.70mg/kg、GU2.71mg/kg,玄武岩中硼淋失量小于花岗岩。【结论】施用硼肥可有效缓解土壤酸化,改变土壤理化性质,提高土壤硼含量,尤其是缓效硼肥GU更适合于热区酸性土壤。
【Objective】Boron is an indispensable trace element in plants.Investigating the leaching and adsorption behaviors of boron in various soil types is profoundly significant for guiding the application and management of boron fertilizers in agricultural practices within tropical regions.【Method】In this study,two typical representative soils of basalt and granite in Hainan were selected as the objects.Through indoor soil column simulation experiments,the adsorption and leaching change laws of different forms of boron fertilizers in the hot zone soil were analyzed.【Result】As the number of leaching times increased,the pH value of the leaching solution generally showed a trend of initial rise,followed by a decline and eventual stabilization.Specifically,the pH values of basalt and granite soils after leaching increased by 0.49 and decreased by 0.51,respectively.The electrical conductivity(EC)of the leaching solution initially rose and subsequently decreased with the progression of leaching times.Moreover,the dynamic patterns of EC change in various boron fertilizer treatments for both soil types were largely similar.After leaching,EC in basalt and granite soils increased by 5.53 times and 6.52 times respectively.Regarding the boron concentration in the leaching solution,the BPP and E-67 treatments exhibited higher levels in the early stages,whereas the GC and GU treatments showed elevated levels in the later stages.The maximum and minimum values of cumulative leaching loss of boron in basalt were GC 2.76 mg/kg and GU 1.67 mg/kg respectively,while those in granite were E-673.70 mg/kg and GU 2.71 mg/kg respectively.Moreover,the leaching loss of boron in basalt was less than that in granite.【Conclusion】The application of boron fertilizer can effectively alleviate soil acidification,change the physical and chemical properties of the soil,and increase the boron content in the soil.Especially the slow-release boron fertilizer GU is more suitable for acidic soil in tropical acidic soil.
作者
李晓波
李金库
赵春梅
LI Xiaobo;LI Jinku;ZHAO Chunmei(Hainan State Farms Academy of Sciences Group Co.,Ltd.,Sanya,572022,China;College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou,570228,China;Rubber Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,571101,China)
出处
《广东农业科学》
2025年第6期119-129,共11页
Guangdong Agricultural Sciences
基金
海南省科技专项(ZDYF2023XDNY047)
中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(1630022021002)。
关键词
硼肥
酸性土壤
淋溶
吸附
硼积累
boron fertilizer
acid soil
leaching
adsorption
boron accumulation
作者简介
李晓波(1982-),男,硕士,高级农艺师,研究方向为热带作物栽培与施肥,E-mail:317146546@qq.com。
