摘要
为选育适应市场需求的高产稳产、抗病抗倒伏小麦新品种,以高产广适品种济麦22为母本,以大穗、抗倒伏品种周麦24为父本杂交组配,利用种质资源评价、田间世代选择与遗传背景分析相结合的手段,强化控制优异性状的基因重组与聚合;采用“重点选择高产抗病抗倒伏为主要目标、平衡其他次要目标、汰劣保优”的选择方法,经系谱法和单穗-穗行-穗系优化选择法选育出小麦新品种菏麦317,于2019-2022年参加山东省小麦品种高产组区域试验、生产试验。利用系谱关系和FISH对菏麦317的遗传背景进行分析。结果表明,2年区域试验平均产量为8 658.0 kg/hm^(2),比对照济麦22增产2.3%;生产试验平均产量为9 853.5 kg/hm^(2),比对照济麦22增产6.6%。抗病性鉴定为高抗条锈病、白粉病,中抗纹枯病。菏麦317融合了山东、河南两大区域的小麦品种重要血缘,聚合了高产广适、抗病、抗倒伏、大穗多穗等众多优异性状,适宜在山东省高产地块种植。菏麦317与济麦22相比存在9个信号位点的差异,在染色体水平具有丰富的遗传多样性。
To breed new high-yield,stab-yielding,disease-resistant and lodging resistant wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)varieties that meet market demands for production application,the high-yield and widely adaptable variety Jimai22 was used as the female parent,and the large-spike and lodging resistant variety Zhoumai24 was used as the male parent for hybridizing and matching.By combining germplasm resource evaluation,field generation selection and genetic background analysis,the gene recombination and aggregation that controlled excellent traits were strengthened.The new wheat variety Hemai317 was bred by using the selection method of'focusing on high-yield,disease resistance and lodging resistance as the main goals,balancing other secondary goals,and eliminating inferior varieties to preserve the superior ones',through pedigree method and single-spike-spike row-spike line optimization selection method.It participated in the high-yield group regional trials and production trials of wheat varieties in Shandong Province from^(2)019 to 2022.The genetic background of Hemai317 was analyzed by using pedigree relationship and FISH.The results showed that the average yield of the 2-year regional trial was 8658.0 kg/hm^(2),which was 2.3%higher than that of the control Jimai22.The average yield of the production test was 9853.5 kg/hm^(2),which was 6.6%higher than that of the control Jimai22.The disease resistance was identified as highly resistant to stripe rust and powdery mildew,and moderately resistant to sheath blight.Hemai317 effectively integrated the important bloodlines of wheat varieties from the two major regions of Shandong and He'nan,and combined numerous excellent traits such as high yield and wide adaptability,disease resistance,lodging resistance,and large and numerous ears.It was suitable for cultivation in high-yield plots in Shandong Province.Meanwhile,compared with Jimai22,there were differences in 9 signal loci between Hemai317 and Jimai22,which showed rich genetic diversity at the chromosomal level.
作者
任自超
郭凤芝
林坤
王冲
李思同
田顺顺
王应党
郭凌云
袁阳
张中起
张继雨
REN Zichao;GUO Fengzhi;LIN Kun;WANG Chong;LI Sitong;TIAN Shunshun;WANG Yingdang;GUO Lingyun;YUAN Yang;ZHANG Zhongqi;ZHANG Jiyu(Heze Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Heze Sandong 274000,China;Heze Academy of Agricultural Sciences Experimental and Demonstration Center,Heze Sandong 274000,China;National Center of Technology Innovation for Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-Alkali Land,Heze Sandong 274000,China)
出处
《种子》
北大核心
2025年第7期195-202,共8页
Seed
基金
山东省农业良种工程项目(2024LZGC00103)
山东省科技示范工程项目(2024SFGC0402)。
关键词
小麦
菏麦317
选育
遗传背景
Triticum aestivum L.
Hemai317
breeding
genetic background
作者简介
任自超(1991-),男(汉族),山东夏津人,硕士,农艺师,主要从事小麦种质资源创制与新品种选育(email:858886404@qq.com);通信作者:郭凌云(1966-),女(汉族),山东单县人,本科,研究员,主要从事小麦栽培与育种研究(email:guolingyun0301@163.com)。
