摘要
在铜湿法冶炼过程中,反萃后的电积富液通常会夹带有机相油滴,若不能及时清理,则会进入电积作业并降低阴极铜质量。为提高穆利亚希铜湿法冶炼厂电积富液除油效果,降低有机相油滴对阴极铜的影响,开展了电积富液超声破乳—微泡气浮—纤维吸附深度除油实验,研究了该技术超声破乳—微泡气浮除油机制。研究结果表明:超声波可以通过空化效应中和油滴表面的负电荷,使油滴整体电荷量减少、油滴之间电荷斥力减小,油滴之间更容易碰撞、黏合、聚并,其中,微细油滴会合并成粒径较大的易浮液滴,降低除油的难度。在微泡气浮除油过程中,气泡直径越小,气泡和油滴的吸附作用越强,油滴在气泡表面铺展越快;气泡数量越多、弥散程度越高,气浮除油的效率越高。在超声功率为300 W、超声时间为4 min、进气量为4 L/min、进液量为0.8 m^(3)/h、除油时间为5 min、吸附滤料采用涤纶丝纤维球的条件下,电积富液除油率为89.77%,电积富液中含油量由60~70 mg/L降低至7 mg/L以下。
In copper hydrometallurgy,organic oil droplets are commonly entrained in the electrolyte after stripping.If these droplets are not efficiently removed,they can negatively affect the quality of the cathode copper.To enhance oil removal from the electrolyte in the Muliashi hydrometallurgical plant process and reduce the impact of the organic oil on cathode copper quality,an experimental study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of oil removal using a combination of ultrasonic demulsification,microbubble flotation and adsorption filtration.The oil removal mechanism of ultrasonic demulsification—microbubble flotation method were studied.The results show that ultrasound can neutralize the negative charge on the surface of oil droplets through its cavitation effect,leading to a reduction in the overall charge of the droplets and a destabilization of the electrolyte system.The charge repulsion between the oil droplets is reduced.It results in the collision and coalescence of oil droplets,where fine oil droplets merge into floating droplets with larger particle size,and the difficulty of microbubble flotation is reduced.In the microbubble flotation process for oil removal,a smaller bubble diameter leads to stronger adsorption between the bubbles and oil droplets,facilitating faster spreading of the oil droplets on the bubble surface.Additionally,an increased number of bubbles and greater dispersion enhance the efficiency of microbubble flotation for oil removal.Under the optimal conditions of ultrasonic power of 300 W,ultrasonic time of 4 min,air input of 4 L/min,inlet flow of 0.8 m^(3)/h,oil removal time of 5 min,and polyester fiber balls as the adsorption filter material,the oil removal rate from the electrowinning rich liquid is 89.77%,with the oil content reduces from 60−70 mg/L to less than 7 mg/L.
作者
李阳
邓洁
刘亚平
傅钰辉
尹君
寇珏
孙春宝
LI Yang;DENG Jie;LIU Yaping;FU Yuhui;YIN Jun;KOU Jue;SUN Chunbao(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;CNMC Luanshya Copper Co.Ltd.,Luanshya 90456,Zambia)
出处
《中南大学学报(自然科学版)》
北大核心
2025年第7期2647-2656,共10页
Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51974016)
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2904502)。
关键词
电积富液
微泡气浮
超声破乳
吸附除油
阴极铜
electrolyte
microbubble flotation
ultrasonic demulsification
adsorption oil removal
cathode copper
作者简介
通信作者:寇珏,博士,教授,从事难利用矿产高效清洁研究,E-mail:koujue@ustb.edu.cn。
