摘要
裙式吸力锚是一种有着施工方便,抗冲刷性能强等优点的新型海上风机基础型式。本文通过室内波流水槽冲刷试验,将裙式吸力锚模型安装在平底砂床中,改变波流条件,记录冲刷发展的过程与冲刷坑的形态特征,并就冲刷发展规律受到不同波流因素的影响进行分析。研究成果如下:当流速增加或淹没率减小时,冲刷范围增大,冲刷发展加快,准平衡阶段冲刷深度与淤积高度增加。得到了预测不同的基础高度(淹没率)下基础周围冲刷深度历时发展规律。波高增大时,随着试验从清水冲刷阶段发展到动床冲刷阶段,最大冲刷深度先增加后减小,最大淤积高度始终增加。增加相对流速会使冲刷加剧,增加速率先提升再降低。基础前方冲刷坑为“倒勺状”,基础两侧对称出现沙丘,基础后方有马蹄状淤积沙丘。流速增加或淹没率减小时,基础前方冲刷坑,后方淤积沙丘的尺度都会增大。筒裙结构能较好地发挥抗冲刷作用。
The skirt suction anchor is a new type of offshore fan foundation,which has the advantages of convenient construction and strong anti-erosion performance.Through the indoor wave flow flume erosion test,the skirt suction anchor model was installed in the flat sand bed,the wave flow condition was changed,the erosion development duration and the erosion pit shape were recorded,and the influence of different wave flow factors on the erosion development law was analyzed.When the flow velocity increases or the inundation rate decreases,the erosion range increases,the erosion development accelerates,and the erosion depth and sedimentation height increase in the quasi-equilibrium stage.The diachronic development law of scour depth around foundation under different foundation height(submergence rate)is obtained.With the increase of wave height,the maximum erosion depth first increased and then decreased,and the maximum deposition height always increased with the development of the test from the clear water erosion stage to the moving bed erosion stage.When the relative flow velocity increases,the relative erosion depth increases,and the acceleration increases first and then decreases.The scouring pit in front of the foundation is“inverted scoop”,the dunes appear symmetrically on both sides of the foundation,and there are horseshoe-like silting dunes behind the foundation.When the velocity increases or the submergence rate decreases,the scale of the scour pit in front of the foundation and the silting dune in back will increase.The cylindrical skirt structure can play a good role in anti-erosion.
作者
刘红军
郭子贤
于雅琼
朱成浩
Liu Hongjun;Guo Zixian;Yu Yaqiong;Zhu Chenghao(The Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China;Qingdao Geotechnical Investigation and Surveying Research Institute,Qingdao 266000,China)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41572247)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(202261063)资助。
关键词
海上风机
裙式吸力锚
波流作用
冲刷深度
冲刷坑形态
offshore fan
skirted suction foundation
wave-current action
scour depth
scour pit pattern
作者简介
刘红军(1967-),男,教授,主要从事海洋岩土工程等方面的教学和科研。E-mail:hongjun@ouc.edu.cn;通信作者:朱成浩,男,博士生。E-mail:zchiem@163.com。
