摘要
为研究煤矿集中区周边土壤重金属污染特征、来源及可能产生的人体健康风险,将赣西某煤矿集中区作为研究区,采用内梅罗污染指数法评价了土壤重金属的污染特征,基于自组织神经网络(SOM)刻画了土壤重金属污染特征的关联性,选用EPA建立的模型进行了健康风险评价,最后利用PMF模型对土壤重金属污染进行溯源分析.结果表明,6种土壤重金属含量均值为0.25~47.47 mg·kg^(-1),皆高于江西省土壤环境背景值,仅Cd含量均值高于GB 15618-2018中的风险筛选值,且所有重金属变异系数均较高.内梅罗污染评估表明研究区周边土壤重金属污染状况严重,尤以As、Hg和Cd为典型代表. SOM-K聚类显示Cu、Ni和Cd在研究区西南向煤矿集中区下游一带相关性良好,靠近矿区区域As、Hg、Cu和Pb间相关性较强,Pb的空间分布与其他元素表现出明显的差异性.健康风险评价表明,手口摄入途径为研究区土壤重金属的主要暴露途径,儿童和成人的综合非致癌风险指数(HI)分别为1.52E+00和2.41E-01,综合致癌风险指数(TCR)分别为4.48E-05和2.85E-05,且As为健康风险的主要贡献指标.源解析表明研究区土壤重金属受工业降尘源、自然源、煤矿污染源、交通运输源和农业生产源的影响,其贡献率分别为25.62%、22.00%、17.88%、17.84%和16.66%;主要受人类活动的影响,贡献率总占比达78%,与土壤重金属变异系数结果高度一致.研究结果可为研究区土壤重金属污染防控提供理论依据.
To explore the pollution characteristics,sources,and possible human health risks of soil heavy metals in a coal mine concentration area near western Jiangxi.The Nemerow index method was used to evaluate the characteristics of soil heavy metal pollution in the study area,the correlation of soil heavy metal pollution characteristics was described based on a self-organizing neural network(SOM),the PMF model was used to trace the soil heavy metal pollution,and the exposure risk model established by EPA was used for health risk assessment.The results showed that the average content of heavy metals in the six soils ranged from 0.25 to 47.47 mg·kg^(-1),which were all higher than the soil environmental background value in Jiangxi Province.Only the mean Cd content was higher than the risk screening value in GB15618-2018,and all heavy metal coefficients of variation were relatively high.The Nemerow pollution assessment indicated that the soil around the study area was severely polluted by heavy metals,especially As,Hg,and Cd as typical representatives.SOM-K clustering showed that Cu,Ni,and Cd had good correlation;Cu,As,and Hg had strong correlation;and Pb had obvious differences with other elements.The health risk assessment showed that the hand-mouth ingestion was the main exposure route of heavy metals in soil in the study area.Children in the study area had non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks,while adults had carcinogenic health risks,and children were more exposed to health risks than adults.The comprehensive non-carcinogenic risk indexes(HI)for children and adults were 1.52E+00 and 2.41E-01,respectively.Additionally,the comprehensive carcinogenic risk index(TCR)for children and adults was 4.48E-05 and 2.85E-05,respectively.As was the main contribution index of health risk in the study area.The source analysis showed that the heavy metal sources in the soil of the study area were influenced by industrial dust fall sources,natural sources,coal pollution sources,transportation sources,and agricultural production sources,and their contribution rates were 25.62%,22.00%,17.88%,17.84%,and 16.66%,respectively.It was mainly affected by human factors,which was consistent with the result of the high variation coefficient of soil heavy metals in the study area.The research results can provide theoretical basis for the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution in the soil of the study area.
作者
胡芬
姜烈
陈巧红
何宝南
HU Fen;JIANG Lie;CHEN Qiao-hong;HE Bao-nan(Geological Environment Monitoring Institute of Jiangxi Geological Survey and Exploration Insttute,Nanchang 330002,China;Jiangxi Coalfield Geological Prospecting Research Institute,Nanchang 330002,China;School of Water Resources and Environment,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《环境科学》
北大核心
2025年第8期5237-5248,共12页
Environmental Science
基金
中央地下水污染防治项目(2022B000566062)。
作者简介
胡芬(1991-),女,硕士研究生,工程师,主要研究方向为水工环地质调查与生态环境监测,E-mail:861619497@qq.com。
