摘要
目的:对引起西梅采后病害的主要病原真菌进行分离鉴定,明确LED蓝光(200±20μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))对这些病原真菌的抑制作用,从而为西梅果实采后贮藏期间病害的防治提供理论依据。方法:分离、纯化西梅采后低温贮藏期间自然发病果实的病原真菌,并结合形态学观察、真菌rDNA内转录间隔区(Internal transcribed spacer,ITS)分析以及构建系统发育树、病原菌株的回接验证,明确西梅采后腐烂的主要病原真菌种类。采用LED蓝光(200±20μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))对上述分离出的病原真菌进行照射,观察病原真菌的菌落直径并结合扫描电镜,明确LED蓝光对病原真菌的抑制作用。结果:从采后腐烂的西梅果实中共分离到3株病原真菌,鉴定为皮落青霉(Penicillium crustosum)、交孢链格孢菌(Alternaria alternata)、灰葡萄孢菌(Botrytis cinerea)。LED蓝光照射结果显示,每天光照3 h即可对Penicillium crustosum和Botrytis cinerea产生抑制作用,当每天光照时间达到24 h时可完全抑制Botrytis cinerea的生长,每天光照12 h可对Alternaria alternata产生效果。随着每天光照时间的增加对3株菌的抑制效果逐渐增强,且LED蓝光还可破坏3株病原真菌的菌丝结构,使菌丝出现一定程度的皱缩、塌陷、扭曲、折叠等现象。结论:Penicillium crustosum、Alternaria alternata和Botrytis cinerea能引起西梅在采后冷藏期间发生真菌病害,LED蓝光对3株病原真菌有很好的抑制效果。
Objective:The main pathogenic fungi causing post-harvest diseases of prune were isolated and identified,and the inhibitory effect of LED blue light(200±20μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))on these pathogenic fungi was clarified,so as to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of prune diseases during the post-harvest storage of prune fruits.Method:Pathogenic fungi were isolated and purified from prune fruits with natural onset of disease during post-harvest lowtemperature storage,and combined with morphological observation,analysis of fungal rDNA internal transcribed spacer(ITS)and construction of phylogenetic tree,and back-joining validation of pathogenic strains,to clarify the main pathogenic fungal species responsible for post-harvest decay of prunes.LED blue light(200±20μmol·m^(-2)·s^(-1))was used to irradiate the above isolated pathogenic fungi,and the inhibitory effect of LED blue light on the pathogenic fungi was clarified by observing the colony diameters of the pathogenic fungi combined with scanning electron microscopy.Result:A total of three strains of pathogenic fungi were isolated from post-harvest decayed prune fruits and identified as Penicillium crustosum,Alternaria alternata,and Botrytis cinerea.The results of LED blue light irradiation showed that 3 h of light per day could have an inhibitory effect on the growth of Penicillium crustosum and Botrytis cinerea,the growth of Botrytis cinerea could be completely inhibited when the daily light time reached 24 h.The effect of 12 h of light per day could be produced on Alternaria alternata.The inhibitory effect of LED blue light gradually strengthened with the increase of the light time per day on the three strains of fungi,and LED blue light could also destroy the mycelial structure of the three strains of pathogenic fungi,so that the mycelium appeared to a certain degree of wrinkled,collapsed,twisted,folded and other phenomena.Conclusion:Penicillium crustosum,Alternaria alternata and Botrytis cinerea can cause fungal diseases in prunes during postharvest refrigeration,and LED blue light has a good inhibitory effect on the three pathogenic fungal strains.
作者
张新祺
李文博
赵亚婷
辛小艳
范雅青
吴颖颉
张璇
曾硕
穆耶赛尔·阿布来提
朱璇
ZHANG Xinqi;LI Wenbo;ZHAO Yating;XIN Xiaoyan;FAN Yaqing;WU Yingjie;ZHANG Xuan;ZENG Shuo;MU Yesaier·A Bulaiti;ZHU Xuan(College of Food Science and Pharmacy,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)
出处
《食品工业科技》
北大核心
2025年第17期224-231,共8页
Science and Technology of Food Industry
基金
自治区重点研发计划项目(2022B02018-2)
新疆维吾尔自治区天池英才引进计划-青年博士人才项目。
关键词
西梅果实
病原真菌
分离鉴定
LED
蓝光照射
菌丝结构
prune fruit
pathogenic fungus
separation and identification
LED blue light irradiation
mycelial structure
作者简介
张新祺(2002-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:果蔬贮藏及物流工程,E-mail:2049271973@qq.com;通信作者:朱璇(1971-),女,博士,教授,研究方向:果蔬贮藏及物流工程,E-mail:13999877961@126.com。
