老年劳动参与对认知功能的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Elderly Labor Participation on Cognitive Function

导出

摘要在人口老龄化形势日益严峻的背景下,针对老年劳动供给和认知功能的相关研究意义重大。文章使用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2018、2020年数据,实证考察了老年劳动参与对认知功能的影响。研究发现,老年劳动参与对认知功能具有显著的正向影响,其中,农业劳动参与和非农劳动参与均能延缓认知衰退且二者不存在明显差异。身体健康效应和心理健康效应是老年劳动参与对认知功能发挥积极影响的内在作用机制,其中,农业劳动参与通过促进身体健康进而延缓老年人的认知衰退,非农劳动参与主要作用于老年人的心理健康进而影响认知功能。此外,老年劳动参与对于70岁及以上中高龄老年人、缺乏社交活动和老年男性认知功能的积极影响更大。据此,文章提出积极开发老年人力资源、引导老年人适度增加体力活动强度、加强老年人心理健康服务体系建设及鼓励老年人进行社会参与的政策建议。 In the context of a rapidly aging population,research on elderly labor supply and cognitive function holds significant policy relevance.Using panel data from the 2018 and 2020 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS),this article empirically examines the impact of elderly labor participation on cognitive function.The findings show that elderly labor participation has a significant positive effect on cognitive function.Both agricultural and non-agricultural labor participation help delay cognitive decline,with no significant difference observed between the two types.The beneficial effects operate through two primary mechanisms:physical health and mental health.Specifically,agricultural labor helps improve physical health,thereby slowing cognitive decline,while non-agricultural labor mainly enhances psychological well-being,which in turn contributes to better cognitive performance.Moreover,the positive impact of labor participation is more pronounced among individuals aged 70 and above,those lacking social engagement,and elderly men.Based on these findings,the article recommends actively developing elderly human resources,encouraging moderate physical activity,improving the mental health service system for older adults,and promoting social participation among the elderly.

作者周晓蒙姜琛周越 Zhou Xiaomeng;Jiang Chen;Zhou Yue

机构地区辽宁大学经济学部经济学院辽宁财贸学院智能会计学院

出处《中国人口科学》北大核心 2025年第4期82-96,共15页 Chinese Journal of Population Science

基金辽宁省经济社会发展研究课题“家庭生育与养老困境破局:协同优化、实现路径及应对策略研究”(批准号:2024lslybkt-133)的阶段性成果。

关键词劳动参与认知功能身体健康心理健康 Labor Participation Cognitive Function Physical Health Mental Health

分类号 C913.6 [经济管理]

作者简介周晓蒙,辽宁大学经济学部经济学院,副教授,博士生导师;姜琛,辽宁大学经济学部经济学院,硕士研究生;通讯作者:周越,辽宁财贸学院智能会计学院,助教。