摘要
随着人类社会和经济的快速发展,气候变化等因素促使全球生物多样性急剧丧失。植物是生物多样性的核心组成部分,通过迁地保护来拯救濒危植物已经成为植物园的核心工作。总结了基因组测序技术对植物保护的发展和迁地保护的成效与现状,基因组技术为准确识别濒危植物的分类地位、探索濒危植物的种群演化动态和濒危原因、解析全基因组水平的遗传多样性及其对未来气候的适应能力提供了可能。提出基因组学在挖掘功能性和适应性变异基因、鉴定评估物种遗传风险和调控生长发育及次生代等方面有助于濒危植物的保护研究,并针对基因组时代如何推动未来的迁地保育,提出应对建议和未来发展趋势。
With the rapid development of human society and economy,factors such as climate change have prompted the sharp loss of global biodiversity.Plants are a core component of biodiversity,and ex situ conservation to save endangered plants has become the core work of botanical gardens.At present,ex situ conservation based on protecting the genetic diversity of endangered plants remains a challenge.Genomic technologies have made it possible to accurately identify the taxonomic status of endangered plants,explore the population evolutionary dynamics and endangering causes of endangered plants and analyze genetic diversity at the whole−genome level and its adaptability to future climates.This paper summarizes the development of genomic sequencing technologies for plant conservation and the effectiveness and current status of ex situ conservation,as well as the research progress of genomics in helping protect endangered plants in terms of mining functional and adaptive variant genes,species identification,genetic risk assessment,and regulation of growth,development,and secondary metabolism.In response to how to promote future ex situ conservation in the genomic era,countermeasures,suggestions,and future development trends are proposed.
作者
孙维悦
宋以刚
马永鹏
罗世孝
邱英雄
郭亚龙
谭向平
刘保东
严岳鸿
SUN Weiyue;SONG Yigang;MA Yongpeng;LUO Shixiao;QIU Yingxiong;GUO Yalong;TAN Xiangping;LIU Baodong;YAN Yuehong(The Orchid Conservation&Research Center of Shenzhen,Shenzhen 518114,China;Eastern China Conservation Centre for Wild Endangered Plant Resources,Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,Shanghai 201602,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory for Integrative Conservation of Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming 650201,China;South China Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510650,China;Wuhan Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China)
出处
《科技导报》
北大核心
2025年第13期42-51,共10页
Science & Technology Review
基金
2024年中央林业草原生态保护恢复资金项目
上海辰山植物园创建国家植物园科研发展专项(GZ003)。
作者简介
孙维悦,博士研究生,研究方向为植物学,电子信箱:bywy20209287@163.com;通信作者:严岳鸿,研究员,研究方向为保护生物学,电子信箱:yhyan@sibs.ac.cn。
