摘要
针对番茄栽培中枯萎病频发和土壤盐渍化导致产量和品质下降的问题,开展番茄抗枯萎病和耐盐砧木筛选。以野生型番茄Ailsa Craig(简称AC)为对照,对番茄商品种粉都金冠王和6个砧木品种进行枯萎病和盐胁迫的苗期抗性鉴定。采用人工接种枯萎病菌和250 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl溶液灌根处理的方法,通过盆栽试验进行表型分析和生理指标测定,综合评价试验材料的抗病性和耐盐性。结果表明,在接种枯萎病菌14 d后,强砧73号对枯萎病表现出显著抗病性,病情指数低于对照及其他砧木品种,为14.17,与AC和商品种相比分别降低了82.17%、69.63%,其他6个砧木品种病情指数为33.75~79.17,表现为低抗性,强砧73号的抗氧化酶活性和病程相关蛋白基因(PR1、PR5)表达量较强砧100号和强砧74号显著升高,与其抗病性呈正相关。而盐处理14 d后,强砧74号的盐害指数为18.33%,与AC和商品种相比分别降低了68.21%和42.12%,展现出较强的耐盐性,其丙二醛含量、相对电导率、超氧阴离子含量、过氧化氢含量较强砧100号和强砧73号显著降低,而抗氧化酶活性大幅上升,与耐盐性呈正相关。通过试验筛选出的抗枯萎病的番茄品种强砧73号和耐盐番茄砧木强砧74号,为番茄抗逆栽培提供了优质材料,也为后续试验提供参考依据。
In order to address the frequent occurrence of Fusarium wilt and the decline in yield and quality caused by soil salinization in tomato cultivation,this study conducted screening of tomato rootstock resistant to wilt disease and salt tolerance.Using the wild-type tomato Ailsa Craig as the control,the resistance to Fusarium wilt and salt stress in seedling stage of commercial tomato Fendu Golden Crown King and 6 rootstock cultivars were identified.The methods of artificial inoculation of Fusarium wilt and root irrigation with 250 mmol·L^(-1) NaCl solution were used to conduct phenotypic analysis and physiological index determination through pot experiment,and the disease resistance and salt tolerance of the test materials were comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that after 14 days of inoculation with Fusarium wilt pathogen,Strong Rootstock 73 exhibited significant resistance to Fusarium wilt disease,with a disease index of 14.17%,which was significantly lower than the control and other rootstock varieties.Compared with AC and commercial cultivars,the disease index of the other six rootstock varieties decreased by 82.17%and 69.63%,respectively.The disease index of the other six rootstock varieties ranged from 33.75%to 79.17%,indicating low resistance.At the same time,the antioxidant enzyme activity and the expression levels of pathogenesis-related protein genes(PR1 and PR5)in Strong Rootstock 73 were significantly higher than those in Qiangzhen 100 and Strong Rootstock 74,which were positively correlated with its disase resistancet.After 14 days of salt treatment,the salt damage index of Strong Rootstock 74 was 18.33%,which was 68.21%and 42.12%lower than that of AC and commercial cultivars,respectively,demonstrating strong salt tolerance.The content of malondialdehyde,relative conductivity,superoxide anion content,and hydrogen peroxide content in Strong Rootstock 74 were significantly lower than those in Strong Rootstock 100 and Strong Rootstock 73,while the activity of antioxidant enzymes increased significantly,which was positively correlated with its salt tolerance.The tomato rootstocks screened out in this experiment for resistance to Fusarium wilt,Strong Rootstock 73 and salt tolerance tomato rootstock Strong Rootstock 74,provide high-quality materials for tomato stress-resistant cultivation and lay important material for subsequent study.
作者
孙清珍
何曼莉
刘恒心
杨晨宇
申顺善
朴凤植
杜南山
SUN Qingzhen;HE Manli;LIU Hengxin;YANG Chenyu;SHEN Shunshan;PIAO Fengzhi;DUNanshan(College of Horticulture,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China;College of Plant Protection,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,Henan,China)
出处
《中国瓜菜》
北大核心
2025年第8期83-94,共12页
China Cucurbits And Vegetables
基金
河南省高校重点科研项目(25A210001)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(NSFC32472728)。
关键词
番茄砧木
枯萎病
盐胁迫
抗氧化酶活性
抗病性
耐盐性
Tomato rootstock
Fusarium wilt
Salt stress
Antioxidant enzyme activity
Disease resistance
Salt tolerance
作者简介
孙清珍,女,在读硕士研究生,研究方向为设施蔬菜连作障碍绿色防控。E-mail:zhen3340673560@163.com;通信作者:朴凤植,男,教授,主要从事园艺设施结构与环境优化,设施土壤微生态调控与绿色管理技术研发。E-mail:piao1203@163.com;通信作者:杜南山,男,副教授,主要从事设施蔬菜连作障碍生态修复技术研究。E-mail:fangshan711@163.com。
