“绿水青山就是金山银山”理念指引下黄河流域生态GDP实现途径及远景展望

“Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets”:Pathways and prospects for ecological GDP in the Yellow River Basin

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摘要为加快落实习近平生态文明思想与“绿水青山就是金山银山”(以下简称“两山”)理念,文章以黄河流域为例,探讨了生态价值实现路径及生态GDP构建机制。“两山”理念突破了传统发展模式的局限,为黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展提供了核心指引。研究表明,构建生态资产体系并纳入GDP核算是破解生态价值转化难题的关键,需遵循“占补平衡”与“市场交易”原则,通过核心生态资产的量化确权,推动生态资源向生态产品转化。据测算,黄河流域生态资产总价值有超90%的贡献来自上中游省(自治区),需建立跨区域补偿机制。针对各省(自治区)差异,提出3种生态价值实现路径:青海等生态富集区适用“收储转化型”模式;山东、四川等产业多元区采用“投资驱动型”模式;山西、内蒙古等产业结构需转型的资源型地区实施“收储投资复合型”模式。 This study,following Xi Jinping Thought on Ecological Civilization and the two mountains concept,explores pathways for realizing ecological value and mechanisms for ecological GDP in the Yellow River Basin.The research demonstrates that the two mountains concept breaks through the limitations of traditional development paradigms,providing a foundational guide for ecological conservation and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.The research shows that constructing an ecological asset system and incorporating it into GDP accounting is the key to addressing the challenges of ecological value transformation.This requires adherence to the principles of“requisition-compensation balance”and“market-based transaction”,coupled with the quantification and rights verification of core ecological assets to facilitate the conversion of ecological resources into ecological products.The estimates reveal that over 90%of the total ecological asset value in the Yellow River Basin originates from its upper and middle reaches provinces,highlighting the necessity for cross-regional compensation mechanisms to address spatial imbalances.Three pathways for ecological value realization are proposed based on regional characteristics:(1)“storage-based transformation”is applicable to ecologically rich regions such as Qinghai;(2)“investment-driven”path for regions with diversified industries such as Shandong and Sichuan;(3)“storage-investment composite”model for resource-dependent regions with industrial structure transformation needs such as Shanxi and Inner Mongolia.

作者王光谦 WANG Guangqian(State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区清华大学水圈科学与水利工程全国重点实验室

出处《中国科学院院刊》北大核心 2025年第7期1143-1156,共14页 Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基金中国科学院学部咨询评议项目(2023-ZW-07-A-023),水圈科学与水利工程全国重点实验室重点研究项目(sklhse-TD-2024-F01)。

关键词绿水青山就是金山银山生态资产生态价值生态GDP 黄河流域 “lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets” ecological assets ecological value ecological GDP Yellow River Basin

分类号 F124.5 [经济管理—世界经济]

作者简介王光谦,中国科学院院士。清华大学教授。现任全国政协副主席、民盟中央常务副主席。主要从事水科学、泥沙与河流动力学等研究。E-mail:dhhwgq@tsinghua.edu.cn。