摘要
镫骨是听小骨中最小的一块骨,镫骨头借韧带与砧骨相连,镫骨底封闭前庭窗。外伤引起单纯的镫骨骨折十分罕见,其可以由直接外力引起,也可以由鼓室肌肉的收缩、气流和外淋巴冲击等间接外力引起。本文案例头部、胸腹部遭拳打脚踢,临床检查并手术证实镫骨板上结构骨折移位,未发现颞骨骨折及耳部其他损伤,分析其为间接创伤所致。损伤机制分析是该案鉴定的难点,笔者结合相关文献,分析其机制与头部遭拳击和摔倒造成的剪切力以及镫骨肌收缩牵拉力有关,旨在为类似案例的损伤机制分析和损伤程度鉴定提供参考依据。
The stapes,the smallest bone in the auditory ossicles,has its head connected to the anvil bone by a ligament,while its base seals the vestibular window.Simple stapes fractures caused by trauma are uncommon and can result from direct or indirect forces,such as tympanic muscle contraction,airfl ow,and lymphatic impingement.A male victim sustained blunt force to the head,chest,and abdomen.Clinical examination and surgical revealed a displaced fracture of the stapes superstructure without concomitant temporal bone or other ear injuries,indicating an indirect trauma mechanism.Analyzing the injury mechanism proved challenging;however,based on the available evidence and relevant literature,the author proposed that the fracture likely resulted from shear forces generated by the combination of head trauma(from punching and subsequent falling),as well as contraction traction force of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.This analysis aims to provide forensic professionals with a reference for evaluating similar cases and assessing injury severity.
作者
安永明
剪宏伟
高豪
曹玉杰
AN Yongming;JIAN Hongwei;GAO Hao;CAO Yujie(Dingxi People’s Procuratorate,Dingxi 743000,Gansu,China;Beijing Minsheng Institute of Forensic Science and Evidence,Beijing 100079,China;Criminal Investigation Brigade of Minxian Public Security Bureau,Minxian 748400,Gansu,China;Pingqiao Branch of Xinyang Public Security Bureau,Xinyang 464000,Henan,China)
出处
《刑事技术》
2025年第4期431-435,共5页
Forensic Science and Technology
关键词
法医临床学
创伤和损伤
镫骨骨折
成伤机制
损伤程度
forensic clinical medicine
wounds and injuries
stapes fracture
injury mechanism
injury degree
作者简介
第一作者:安永明,男,甘肃定西人,学士,主检法医师,研究方向为法医学现场勘验及法医学鉴定。E-mail:aym1922@163.com。
