摘要
本研究旨在揭示三角梅花部特征和开花动态,探究花粉活力、柱头可授性的变化和不同品种间的杂交亲和性,为三角梅杂交育种提供理论和技术指导。以9个三角梅品种为研究对象,观测其花部特征和开花动态,检测花粉活力及柱头可授性;筛选出适合的亲本进行杂交授粉,观测花粉管萌发情况和杂交结实率。采用离体萌发法测定的6个父本品种中有3个品种花粉活力较高,可以作为父本。采用联苯胺-过氧化氢法检测3个母本的柱头可授性,结果均显示在第Ⅴ时期的柱头可授性最强。通过对结实率最低的2个杂交组合授粉后的花粉管生长情况进行荧光显微镜观察,发现导致结实率低的原因是授粉后柱头和花柱内产生大量胼胝质并持续堆积,使花粉管发生扭曲变形,从而导致只有少量花粉管伸入胚珠完成受精,不同杂交组合之间结实率差异较大。不同杂交组合均存在不同程度不亲和性,受精前障碍是三角梅杂交不亲和的主要原因。
The objective of this study is to elucidate the floral characteristics and flowering dynamics of Bougainvillea spp.,investigate the variations in pollen viability,stigma acceptability,and cross-compatibility among different varieties,and provide theoretical and technical guidance for the crossbreeding in Bougainvillea spp..Nine varieties of Bougainvillea were chosen to examine the floral traits and flowering patterns,also to assess pollen viability and stigma acceptability.Suitable parents were selected for cross-pollination,and the germination of pollen tubes along with the seed-setting rate of hybridization were observed.The pollen viability of the six male varieties,measured by the ex vivo germination method was high.Among which,three varieties exhibited high pollen viability and could be used as the male parents.The results from the stigma detection of three varieties by benzidine-hydrogen peroxide method showed that the stigma had the strongest deliverability in the V.period,it was concluded that the low seed-setting rate was due to the substantial amount of callose produced in the stigma and the columella following pollination,which distorted and deformed the pollen tube,resulting in only a limited number of pollen tubes reaching the ovule to complete fertilization.Additionally,significant differences were observed in the seed-setting rates among various hybrid combinations.Incompatibility was noted across various cross combinations,predominantly attributed to pre-fertilization disorders.
作者
杨福伟
关文灵
张伟
王乐乐
宋杰
李叶芳
YANG Fuwei;GUAN Wenling;ZHANG Wei;WANG Lele;SONG Jie;LI Yefang(College of Landscape and Horticulture,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China;Flower Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming,Yunnan 650205,China)
出处
《热带作物学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期1856-1863,共8页
Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops
基金
云南省重大科技专项(No.202302AE090018)
云南省现代农业花卉苗木产业体系建设项目(No.2017KJTX0010)
建设弥勒乡村振兴科技创新县项目(No.202304BT090021)。
关键词
三角梅
开花生物学
花粉活力
柱头可授性
杂交结实
Bougainvillea spp.
flowering biology
pollen viability
stigma receptivity
cross bearing
作者简介
杨福伟(1998-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向:园林植物资源利用与创新;通信作者:李叶芳,E-mail:liyefang537@163.com。
