摘要
中华文明标识体系建设是新时代文化遗产保护的重要命题。孔庙作为儒家文化的重要物质载体,其历史延续性、文化象征性及国际影响力尚未被系统纳入中华文明标识体系研究框架。本文基于调查数据,结合海内外孔庙案例,构建“时间—空间—功能”三维分析框架,重点考察孔庙在中华文明发展进程中对于文化精神的凝聚、民族性格的塑造、建筑技艺的发展的重要作用及其在全世界范围的深远影响。研究建议将孔庙文化遗产纳入中华文明标识体系建设,强化其作为全球文明对话载体的战略地位,为文化遗产保护与国家文化战略提供理论支撑。
The construction of the Chinese civilization symbol system is a critical agenda in cultural heritage preservation in the new era.As a vital material embodiment of Confucian culture,Confucian temples have not yet been systematically integrated into the research framework of the Chinese civilization symbol system,despite their historical continuity,cultural symbolism,and global influence.This paper investigates the status and historical evolution of 128 Confucian temple heritage sites listed as national key protected cultural relic units.The construction of Confucian temples,dating back to 478 BC,has formed the world’s only continuous ritual architectural system spanning over two millennia.Existing temples are widely distributed,covering nearly all provincial-level administrative regions in China,with unified architectural standards while retaining local characteristics.Most Confucian temples now host cultural activities such as traditional Chinese education and Confucian memorial ceremonies,reflecting both the continuation of their historical functions as cultural heritage and their adaptation to contemporary needs.The integration of their preservation with modern social functions,as well as the synergy between material heritage conservation and intangible heritage revitalization,offers methodological innovations for the study and construction of the civilization symbol system.Furthermore,leveraging survey data and overseas case studies,this paper establishes a temporal-spatial-functional analytical framework to explore Confucian temples’pivotal roles in consolidating cultural ethos,shaping national character,and advancing architectural technologies in the development of Chinese civilization,alongside their profound global impact.In summary,Confucian temples materially exemplify the“five distinctive characteristics”of Chinese civilization.Their architectural diversity—encompassing nearly all ancient Chinese architectural forms and styles while blending multi-ethnic cultural elements—empirically validates Chinese civilization’s“unity in diversity”.The global distribution and influence of Confucian temples highlight their unique advantages as cultural symbols in facilitating civilizational dialogue.This paper advocates for incorporating Confucian temple heritage into the Chinese civilization symbol system,reinforcing its strategic role as a carrier for global civilizational exchange,and providing theoretical support for cultural heritage preservation and national cultural strategies.
作者
杨孝瑜
张龙
Yang Xiaoyu;Zhang Long(Confucius Museum,Qufu 273100,China;Qufu Cultural Heritage Conservation Center,Qufu 273100,China)
出处
《中国文化遗产》
2025年第4期110-114,共5页
China Cultural Heritage
关键词
孔庙
文化遗产
中华文明
标识体系
Confucian temple
cultural heritage
Chinese civilization
symbol system
作者简介
通讯作者:张龙。
