摘要
【目的】探究不同类型饲料对方斑东风螺生长性能、体成分及消化酶活性的影响,筛选方斑东风螺适宜的饵料类型。【方法】本实验以体重为(2.92±0.06)g的方斑东风螺幼螺为研究对象,开展冰鲜巴浪鱼肉(A,对照组)、蒸熟巴浪鱼肉(B)、高温成型软饲料(C)、低温成型软饲料(D)和市售膨化颗粒饲料(E)等5种不同类型饲料长期投喂实验(8周),测定了不同饲料组方斑东风螺的生长、肌肉营养成分及肠道消化酶活性。【结果】投喂C组饲料的方斑东风螺成活率最高,为97.14%±2.86%,其体重特定生长率显著高于其他饲料组,但小于对照组;投喂C组的饵料系数为1.98±0.12,高于E组,低于其他各饵料组;氨基酸组成方面,各组方斑东风螺肌肉的必需氨基酸含量为7.55%~8.58%,其中C组和D组含量显著低于其他各组;脂肪酸组成方面,C22:6n-3(DHA)、C20:4n-6(ARA)和C18:0是方斑东风螺的主要脂肪酸种类,除E组C22:6n-3外,其他各饵料组上述脂肪酸含量无显著差异;消化酶活性方面,新型配合饲料组(C、D组)的淀粉酶和脂肪酶活性显著高于对照组,但胃蛋白酶活性显著性低于对照组和市售膨化颗粒饲料(E)。【结论】配合饲料组中投喂高温成型软饲料组的方斑东风螺具有较高的存活率和生长性能,且肌肉脂肪酸组成与投喂冰鲜饵料组无明显差异,表明该配合饲料适合方斑东风螺养殖。
The ivory shell Babylonia areolata a gastropod of the class Gastropoda,the order Stenoglossa,family Buccinidae,is distributed in tropical and subtropical sea areas of the Indo-Pacific Ocean.In China,the southeastern coastal provinces,such as Hainan,Guangdong and Fujian are the main cultural areas of this species.Until now,trash fish is the main feed in ivory shell culture,which often causes water pollution and pathogenic microbial infection.One way to solve this problem is to study new suitable artificial compound feed for ivory shells.In this study,in order to obtain suitable feed for this species,the effects of five types of feed,including chilled round scad meat(A,control group),steamed round scad meat(B),high temperature formed soft feed(C),low temperature formed soft feed(D)and commercially available puffed pellet feed(E),on the growth performance,muscle nutritional composition and intestinal digestive enzyme activity of ivory shell juveniles[body weight(2.92±0.06)g]were investigated over an 8-week feeding period.The survival rate was the highest in ivory shells fed with group C diet 97.14%±2.86%,and its weight specific growth rate was significantly higher than other feed groups(P<0.05),but less than the control group(A)(P<0.05).The food conversion ratio of ivory shells fed with group C diet was 1.98±0.12,showed significantly lower than those of A,B and D groups(P<0.05),but significantly higher than that of E group(P<0.05).In this study,the essential amino acid(EAA)contents of ivory shell muscle ranged from 7.55-8.58 g/100 g.Significantly lower EAA levels were found in group C and D treatments,compared to other groups(P<0.05).C22:6n-3(docosahexaenoic acid,DHA),C20:4n-6(arachidonic acid,ARA)and C18:0 were the top three fatty acids in ivory shell muscle.There was no significant difference in these three fatty acid profiles among different treatments(P>0.05),except of significant lower C22:6n-3 content in group E(P<0.05).The amylase and lipase activities in group C and D were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),while the opposite results were observed in pepsin activity,when compared to control and E groups.In summary,ivory shells fed with high temperature formed soft feed(C)showed relatively higher survival rate and growth performance,and reasonable fatty acid composition in muscle,which meant this type of artificial compound feed was suitable for ivory shell culture.
作者
羊玉梅
孙云超
刘春胜
杨毅
於锋
王爱民
顾志峰
YANG Yumei;SUN Yunchao;LIU Chunsheng;YANG Yi;YU Feng;WANG Aimin;GU Zhifeng(School of Marine Biology and Fisheies,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication,Hainan University,Sanya 572025,China)
出处
《水产学报》
北大核心
2025年第8期165-175,共11页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD2401305)
海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2023XDNY032,ZDYF2022XDNY246,ZDYF2024YJGG004-20)。
关键词
方斑东风螺
软饲料
生长性能
营养成分
消化酶
Babylonia areolata
soft feed
growth performance
biochemical composition
digestive enzyme
作者简介
第一作者:羊玉梅,从事动物营养与饲料研究,E-mail:1806577266@qq.com;通信作者:刘春胜,从事贝类养殖技术研究,E-mail:lcs5113@163.com。
